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Vol. 17 (2025)

Aspartame Endowed ZnO-Based Self-Healing Solid Electrolyte Interface Film for Long-Cycling and Wide-Temperature Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01765-6
Yunyu Shi
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Yingkang Liu
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Ruirui Chang
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Guilin Zhang
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Yuqing Rang
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Zheng‑Long Xu
Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
Qi Meng
Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Research Institute for Advanced Manufacturing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
Penghui Cao
College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114, People’s Republic of China
Xiangyang Zhou
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Jingjing Tang
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Juan Yang
School of Metallurgy and Environment, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Juan Yang

j-yang@csu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 254

Abstract

Metallic Zn anodes suffer from hydrogen evolution and dendritic deposition in aqueous electrolytes, resulting in low Coulombic efficiency and poor cyclic stability for aqueous Zn-ion batteries (AZIBs). Constructing stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) with strong affinity for Zn and exclusion of water corrosion of Zn metal anodes is a promising strategy to tackle these challenges. In this study, we develop a self-healing ZnO-based SEI film on the Zn electrode surface by employing an aspartame (APM) as a versatile electrolyte additive. The hydrophobic nature and strong Zn affinity of APM can facilitate the dynamic self-healing of ZnO-based SEI film during cyclic Zn plating/stripping process. Benefiting from the superior protection effect of self-healing ZnO-based SEI, the Zn║Cu cells possess an average coulombic efficiency more than 99.59% over 1,000 cycles even at a low current density of 1 mA cm−2 − 1 mAh cm−2. Furthermore, the Zn║NH4+-V2O5 full cells display a large specific capacity of 150 mAh g−1 and high cyclic stability with a capacity retention of 77.8% after 1,750 cycles. In addition, the Zn║Zn cell delivers high temperature adaptability at a wide-temperature range from − 5 to 40 °C even under a high DOD of 85.2%. The enhanced capability and durability originate from the self-healing SEI formation enabled by multifunctional APM additives mediating both corrosion suppression and interfacial stabilization. This work presents an inspired and straightforward approach to promote a dendrite-free and wide-temperature rechargeable AZIBs energy storage system.


Highlights:
1 Aspartame additive in electrolyte enables the in situ formation of ZnO-based solid electrolyte interphase, enhancing Zn anode corrosion resistance and stability with excellent self-healing capabilities.
2 Zn║Zn symmetric cells with APM-modified electrolyte operate stably for 6,400 h at − 5 °C, 10,330 h at 25 °C, and 2,250 h at 40 °C, with a high DOD of 85.2%.
3 Achieves 99.59% Coulombic efficiency, suppresses dendrite growth, and maintains 150 mAh g−1 capacity after 1,750 cycles in NH4+-V2O5 full cells.

Keywords

Aspartame additives Self-healing ZnO-based SEI film Long cycle life Wide-temperature operation Aqueous Zn-ion batteries
Shi, Yunyu, Yingkang Liu, Ruirui Chang, Guilin Zhang, Yuqing Rang, Zheng‑Long Xu, Qi Meng, Penghui Cao, Xiangyang Zhou, Jingjing Tang, and Juan Yang. 2025. “Aspartame Endowed ZnO-Based Self-Healing Solid Electrolyte Interface Film for Long-Cycling and Wide-Temperature Aqueous Zn-Ion Batteries”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (May):254. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01765-6.
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