Issue

Vol. 19 (2027)

Low-Temperature All-Solid-State Batteries

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02270-0
Hyojoo Lee
Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
Joo Hyeong Suh
Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
Jaeik Kim
Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
Wei Kong Pang
Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
Konstantin Konstantinov
Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
Junyoung Mun
Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia
Taeseup Song
Department of Energy Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
Jung Ho Kim
Institute for Superconducting & Electronic Materials (ISEM), Australian Institute for Innovative Materials (AIIM), University of Wollongong, Innovation Campus, Squires Way, North Wollongong, NSW 2500, Australia

Corresponding Author: Jung Ho Kim

jhk@uow.edu.au

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 19 (2027), Article Number: 3

Abstract

Reliable battery operation in sub-zero environments is critical for polar exploration, military missions, and space applications. However, conventional lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) face inherent limitations at low temperatures by intrinsic hurdle of poor ionic mobility in liquid electrolytes. All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs), which replace liquid electrolytes with non-flammable and non-freezing solid electrolytes, are considered promising alternatives because these solid electrolytes provide high ionic conductivity at low temperatures, superior temperature stability, and exceptional safety. ASSBs still face practical limitations at extremely low temperatures due to degradation caused by interfacial side reactions and mechanical instabilities that increase resistance and polarization. Addressing these challenges is critical to realize the advantages of ASSBs and enable their practical deployment in low-temperature applications. This review provides an overview of historical developments, critical challenges, and recent progress in advancing the low-temperature performance of ASSBs. The key components of ASSBs, including solid electrolytes, cathodes, and anodes, are systematically investigated to develop strategies for improving ASSBs at low temperatures. By highlighting future perspectives, we emphasize both the potential and necessity of ASSBs to overcome the intrinsic limitations of LIBs and ensure reliable energy storage in harsh environments.


Highlights:
1 All-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) overcome the intrinsic limitations of liquid electrolyte based lithium-ion batteries, such as electrolyte freezing and sluggish ion transport, by utilizing non-freezing solid electrolytes with relatively stable ionic conductivity at sub-zero temperatures.
2 Performance degradation in ASSBs under sub-zero conditions arises from interconnected factors, including suppressed Li-ion transport, increased interfacial resistance due to side reactions, and mechanical instability, such as contact loss and microcracking.
3 Achieving robust low-temperature performance demands the combined advancement of materials design and system-level engineering.

Keywords

Low-temperature secondary battery All-solid-state battery Ion conductivity
Lee, Hyojoo, Joo Hyeong Suh, Jaeik Kim, Wei Kong Pang, Konstantin Konstantinov, Junyoung Mun, Taeseup Song, and Jung Ho Kim. 2026. “Low-Temperature All-Solid-State Batteries”. Nano-Micro Letters 19 (July):3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-026-02270-0.
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