Issue

Vol. 17 (2025)

Ultra-Transparent and Multifunctional IZVO Mesh Electrodes for Next-Generation Flexible Optoelectronics

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01525-y
Kiran A. Nirmal
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Anam‑ro 145, Seongbuk‑gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Tukaram D. Dongale
Computational Electronics and Nanoscience Research Laboratory, School of Nanoscience and Biotechnology, Shivaji University, Kolhapur 416004, India
Atul C. Khot
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Anam‑ro 145, Seongbuk‑gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Chenjie Yao
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Anam‑ro 145, Seongbuk‑gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Nahyun Kim
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Anam‑ro 145, Seongbuk‑gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Tae Geun Kim
School of Electrical Engineering, Korea University, Anam‑ro 145, Seongbuk‑gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea

Corresponding Author: Tae Geun Kim

tgkim1@korea.ac.kr

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 12

Abstract

Mechanically durable transparent electrodes are essential for achieving long-term stability in flexible optoelectronic devices. Furthermore, they are crucial for applications in the fields of energy, display, healthcare, and soft robotics. Conducting meshes represent a promising alternative to traditional, brittle, metal oxide conductors due to their high electrical conductivity, optical transparency, and enhanced mechanical flexibility. In this paper, we present a simple method for fabricating an ultra-transparent conducting metal oxide mesh electrode using self-cracking-assisted templates. Using this method, we produced an electrode with ultra-transparency (97.39%), high conductance (Rs = 21.24 Ω sq−1), elevated work function (5.16 eV), and good mechanical stability. We also evaluated the effectiveness of the fabricated electrodes by integrating them into organic photovoltaics, organic light-emitting diodes, and flexible transparent memristor devices for neuromorphic computing, resulting in exceptional device performance. In addition, the unique porous structure of the vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh electrodes provided excellent flexibility, rendering them a promising option for application in flexible optoelectronics.


Highlights:
1 Ultra-transparent vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh (mIZVO) electrodes are fabricated using a self-cracking template.
2 Fabricated electrodes are employed to realize flexible organic solar cell (OSC), organic light-emitting diode (OLED), and memristor devices. OSC exhibits 14.38% power conversion efficiency and OLED achieves 18.06% external quantum efficiency with mIZVO electrode.
3 Flexible-transparent memristor based on mIZVO mimics various synaptic functions.

Keywords

Self-cracking template Vanadium-doped indium zinc oxide mesh Organic solar cells Organic light-emitting diodes Flexible transparent memory
Nirmal, Kiran A., Tukaram D. Dongale, Atul C. Khot, Chenjie Yao, Nahyun Kim, and Tae Geun Kim. 2024. “Ultra-Transparent and Multifunctional IZVO Mesh Electrodes for Next-Generation Flexible Optoelectronics”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (September):12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01525-y.
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