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Vol. 17 (2025)

Integration of Bio-Enzyme-Treated Super-Wood and AIE-Based Nonwoven Fabric for Efficient Evaporating the Wastewater with High Concentration of Ammonia Nitrogen

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01685-5
Qian Ding
Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Bingqi Jin
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People’s Republic of China
Yinxia Zheng
Nonwoven Technology Laboratory, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People’s Republic of China
Huiru Zhao
Nonwoven Technology Laboratory, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People’s Republic of China
Jun Wang
Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Haoxuan Li
Engineering Research Center of Technical Textiles, Ministry of Education, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People’s Republic of China
Dong Wang
Centre for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, People’s Republic of China
Ben Zhong Tang
School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518172, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Ben Zhong Tang

tangbenz@cuhk.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 176

Abstract

The treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater (ANW) has garnered significant attention due to the ecology, and even biology is under increasing threat from over discharge ANW. Conventional ANW treatment methods often encounter challenges such as complex processes, high costs and secondary pollution. Considerable progress has been made in employing solar-induced evaporators for wastewater treatment. However, there remain notable barriers to transitioning from fundamental research to practical applications, including insufficient evaporation rates and inadequate resistance to biofouling. Herein, we propose a novel evaporator, which comprises a bio-enzyme-treated wood aerogel that serves as water pumping and storage layer, a cost-effective multi-walled carbon nanotubes coated hydrophobic/hydrophilic fibrous nonwoven mat functioning as photothermal evaporation layer, and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules incorporated as anti-biofouling agent. The resultant bioinspired evaporator demonstrates a high evaporation rate of 12.83 kg m−2 h−1 when treating simulated ANW containing 30 wt% NH4Cl under 1.0 sun of illumination. AIE-doped evaporator exhibits remarkable photodynamic antibacterial activity against mildew and bacteria, ensuring outstanding resistance to biofouling over extended periods of wastewater treatment. When enhanced by natural wind under 1.0 sun irradiation, the evaporator achieves an impressive evaporation rate exceeding 20 kg m−2 h−1. This advancement represents a promising and viable approach for the effective removal of ammonia nitrogen wastewater.


Highlights:
1 Bio-enzyme-treated super-wood and aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based nonwoven fabric is integrated into a solar evaporator.
2 The evaporator demonstrates a high evaporation rate of 12.83 kg m−2 h−1 when treating simulated wastewater containing 30 wt% NH4Cl under 1.0 sun of illumination.
3 AIE-doped evaporator exhibits remarkable photodynamic antibacterial activity against mildew and bacteria.

Keywords

Wood aerogel AIE Anti-biofouling Solar-driven interface evaporation Ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment
Ding, Qian, Bingqi Jin, Yinxia Zheng, Huiru Zhao, Jun Wang, Haoxuan Li, Dong Wang, and Ben Zhong Tang. 2025. “Integration of Bio-Enzyme-Treated Super-Wood and AIE-Based Nonwoven Fabric for Efficient Evaporating the Wastewater With High Concentration of Ammonia Nitrogen”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (March):176. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01685-5.
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