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Vol. 16 (2024)

Innovative Solutions for High-Performance Silicon Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Overcoming Challenges and Real-World Applications

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01388-3
Mustafa Khan
Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Suxia Yan
Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Mujahid Ali
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Faisal Mahmood
School of Energy and Power Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Yang Zheng
Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Guochun Li
Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Junfeng Liu
Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Xiaohui Song
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
Yong Wang
Institute for Energy Research, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Yong Wang

wangyong@ujs.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 16 (2024), Article Number: 179

Abstract

Silicon (Si) has emerged as a potent anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), but faces challenges like low electrical conductivity and significant volume changes during lithiation/delithiation, leading to material pulverization and capacity degradation. Recent research on nanostructured Si aims to mitigate volume expansion and enhance electrochemical performance, yet still grapples with issues like pulverization, unstable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) growth, and interparticle resistance. This review delves into innovative strategies for optimizing Si anodes’ electrochemical performance via structural engineering, focusing on the synthesis of Si/C composites, engineering multidimensional nanostructures, and applying non-carbonaceous coatings. Forming a stable SEI is vital to prevent electrolyte decomposition and enhance Li+ transport, thereby stabilizing the Si anode interface and boosting cycling Coulombic efficiency. We also examine groundbreaking advancements such as self-healing polymers and advanced prelithiation methods to improve initial Coulombic efficiency and combat capacity loss. Our review uniquely provides a detailed examination of these strategies in real-world applications, moving beyond theoretical discussions. It offers a critical analysis of these approaches in terms of performance enhancement, scalability, and commercial feasibility. In conclusion, this review presents a comprehensive view and a forward-looking perspective on designing robust, high-performance Si-based anodes the next generation of LIBs.


Highlights:
1 Si/C Composite and Nanostructure Engineering: Advanced Si/C composites and multidimensional nanostructures address key challenges in silicon anodes, like volume expansion and unstable SEI, enhancing LIBs performance.
2 Artificial SEI, Prelithiation, and Binders: Focus on stable artificial SEI layers, efficient prelithiation, and cutting-edge binders to improve Coulombic efficiency and reduce capacity loss, enhancing Si anode durability and efficiency.
3 Real-World Application and Scalability: Analysis of these strategies highlights scalability and commercial viability, transitioning Si-anode technologies to practical, high-performance LIBs applications.

Keywords

Silicon anode Energy storage Nanostructure Prelithiation Binder
Khan, Mustafa, Suxia Yan, Mujahid Ali, Faisal Mahmood, Yang Zheng, Guochun Li, Junfeng Liu, Xiaohui Song, and Yong Wang. 2024. “Innovative Solutions for High-Performance Silicon Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries: Overcoming Challenges and Real-World Applications”. Nano-Micro Letters 16 (April):179. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01388-3.
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