Issue

Vol. 14 (2022)

MOF/Polymer-Integrated Multi-Hotspot Mid-Infrared Nanoantennas for Sensitive Detection of CO2 Gas

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00950-1
Hong Zhou
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
Zhihao Ren
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
Cheng Xu
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
Liangge Xu
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
Chengkuo Lee
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore

Corresponding Author: Chengkuo Lee

elelc@nus.edu.sg

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 14 (2022), Article Number: 207

Abstract

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have been extensively used for gas sorption, storage and separation owing to ultrahigh porosity, exceptional thermal stability, and wide structural diversity. However, when it comes to ultra-low concentration gas detection, technical bottlenecks of MOFs appear due to the poor adsorption capacity at ppm-/ppb-level concentration and the limited sensitivity for signal transduction. Here, we present hybrid MOF-polymer physi-chemisorption mechanisms integrated with infrared (IR) nanoantennas for highly selective and ultrasensitive CO2 detection. To improve the adsorption capacity for trace amounts of gas molecules, MOFs are decorated with amino groups to introduce the chemisorption while maintaining the structural integrity for physisorption. Additionally, leveraging all major optimization methods, a multi-hotspot strategy is proposed to improve the sensitivity of nanoantennas by enhancing the near field and engineering the radiative and absorptive loss. As a benefit, we demonstrate the competitive advantages of our strategy against the state-of-the-art miniaturized IR CO2 sensors, including low detection limit, high sensitivity (0.18%/ppm), excellent reversibility (variation within 2%), and high selectivity (against C2H5OH, CH3OH, N2). This work provides valuable insights into the integration of advanced porous materials and nanophotonic devices, which can be further adopted in ultra-low concentration gas monitoring in industry and environmental applications.


Highlights:


1 A loss-engineered multi-hotspot strategy is proposed by integrating all major optimization methods to improve the sensitivity and signal intensity of plasmonic nanoantennas for mid-infrared (MIR) absorption-based molecule sensing.
2 The physi-chemisorption mechanism of hybrid metal–organic framework (MOF)-polymers is demonstrated to break through the limit of detection for MIR gas sensing.
3 MOFs and nanoantennas are successfully integrated to achieve high-performance gas detection, including low detection limit, high sensitivity (0.18%/ppm), excellent reversibility (variation within 2%), high selectivity, and nm-level optical interaction length.

Keywords

Metal–organic framework Gas detection Mid-infrared nanoantennas Multi-hotspot Loss engineering
Zhou, Hong, Zhihao Ren, Cheng Xu, Liangge Xu, and Chengkuo Lee. 2022. “MOF/Polymer-Integrated Multi-Hotspot Mid-Infrared Nanoantennas for Sensitive Detection of CO2 Gas”. Nano-Micro Letters 14 (October):207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00950-1.
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