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Vol. 16 (2024)

Manipulating Crystal Growth and Secondary Phase PbI2 to Enable Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells with Natural Additives

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01400-w
Yirong Wang
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
Yaohui Cheng
Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China
Chunchun Yin
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
Jinming Zhang
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
Jingxuan You
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
Jizheng Wang
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
Jinfeng Wang
Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, People’s Republic of China
Jun Zhang
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Jizheng Wang

jizheng@iccas.ac.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 16 (2024), Article Number: 183

Abstract

In perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the inherent defects of perovskite film and the random distribution of excess lead iodide (PbI2) prevent the improvement of efficiency and stability. Herein, natural cellulose is used as the raw material to design a series of cellulose derivatives for perovskite crystallization engineering. The cationic cellulose derivative C-Im-CN with cyano-imidazolium (Im-CN) cation and chloride anion prominently promotes the crystallization process, grain growth, and directional orientation of perovskite. Meanwhile, excess PbI2 is transferred to the surface of perovskite grains or formed plate-like crystallites in local domains. These effects result in suppressing defect formation, decreasing grain boundaries, enhancing carrier extraction, inhibiting non-radiative recombination, and dramatically prolonging carrier lifetimes. Thus, the PSCs exhibit a high power conversion efficiency of 24.71%. Moreover, C-Im-CN has multiple interaction sites and polymer skeleton, so the unencapsulated PSCs maintain above 91.3% of their initial efficiencies after 3000 h of continuous operation in a conventional air atmosphere and have good stability under high humidity conditions. The utilization of biopolymers with excellent structure-designability to manage the perovskite opens a state-of-the-art avenue for manufacturing and improving PSCs.


Highlights:
1 The novel ionic cellulose derivative with cyano-imidazolium cation and chloride anion, designed from natural cellulose, promotes the crystallization process, grain growth, and orientation of perovskite in perovskite solar cells (PSCs).
2 The use of ionic cellulose leads to the suppression of defect formation, reduction of grain boundaries, enhancement of carrier extraction, and inhibition of non-radiative recombination, resulting in a high power conversion efficiency of 24.71% in PSCs.
3 The biopolymer-based approach enables excellent stability of PSCs, which maintain over 91.3% of their initial efficiencies after 3000 h in conventional air atmosphere.

Keywords

Perovskite Solar cells Defect passivation Biomass additives Crystal orientation
Wang, Yirong, Yaohui Cheng, Chunchun Yin, Jinming Zhang, Jingxuan You, Jizheng Wang, Jinfeng Wang, and Jun Zhang. 2024. “Manipulating Crystal Growth and Secondary Phase PbI2 to Enable Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells With Natural Additives”. Nano-Micro Letters 16 (April):183. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01400-w.
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