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Vol. 17 (2025)

Hierarchical Polyimide Nonwoven Fabric with Ultralow-Reflectivity Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and High-Temperature Resistant Infrared Stealth Performance

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01590-3
Xinwei Tang
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Yezi Lu
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Shuangshuang Li
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Mingyang Zhu
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Zixuan Wang
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Yan Li
Jiangsu Ferrotec Semiconductor Technology Co., Ltd., Yancheng 214000, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Zaiyin Hu
Guizhou Aerospace Wujiang Electro-Mechanical Equipment Co., Ltd., No. 20‑5, Dalian Road Aerospace Industrial Park, Huichuan District, Zunyi City 563000, Guizhou, People’s Republic of China
Penglun Zheng
Civil Aircraft Fire Science and Safety Engineering Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Civil Aviation Safety Engineering, Civil Aviation Flight University of China, Guanghan 618307, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China
Zicheng Wang
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Tianxi Liu
The Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, International Joint Research Laboratory for Nano Energy Composites, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Tianxi Liu

txliu@jiangnan.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 82

Abstract

Designing and fabricating a compatible low-reflectivity electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding/high-temperature resistant infrared stealth material possesses a critical significance in the field of military. Hence, a hierarchical polyimide (PI) nonwoven fabric is fabricated by alkali treatment, in-situ growth of magnetic particles and "self-activated" electroless Ag plating process. Especially, the hierarchical impedance matching can be constructed by systematically assembling Fe3O4/Ag-loaded PI nonwoven fabric (PFA) and pure Ag-coated PI nonwoven fabric (PA), endowing it with an ultralow-reflectivity EMI shielding performance. In addition, thermal insulation of fluffy three-dimensional (3D) space structure in PFA and low infrared emissivity of PA originated from Ag plating bring an excellent infrared stealth performance. More importantly, the strong bonding interaction between Fe3O4, Ag, and PI fiber improves thermal stability in EMI shielding and high-temperature resistant infrared stealth performance. Such excellent comprehensive performance makes it promising for military tents to protect internal equipment from electromagnetic interference stemmed from adjacent equipment and/or enemy, and inhibit external infrared detection.


Highlights:
1 Hierarchical polyimide (PI) nonwoven fabric is fabricated by alkali treatment, in-situ growth of magnetic particles, and "self-activated" electroless Ag plating process.
2 Impedance matching structure by assembling Fe3O4/Ag-loaded PI nonwoven fabric (PFA) and pure Ag-coated PI nonwoven fabric (PA) induces more electromagnetic waves enter PFA/PA and be dissipated.
3 The fluffy 3D space structure of PFA with strong adhesion interaction and low infrared emissivity of PA endow PFA/PA with excellent thermal stability in electromagnetic interference shielding and high-temperature resistant infrared stealth performance.

Keywords

Polyimide Electromagnetic interference shielding Low reflectivity Infrared stealth Compatibility
Tang, Xinwei, Yezi Lu, Shuangshuang Li, Mingyang Zhu, Zixuan Wang, Yan Li, Zaiyin Hu, Penglun Zheng, Zicheng Wang, and Tianxi Liu. 2024. “Hierarchical Polyimide Nonwoven Fabric With Ultralow-Reflectivity Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and High-Temperature Resistant Infrared Stealth Performance”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (December):82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01590-3.
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