Issue

Vol. 16 (2024)

An Environment-Tolerant Ion-Conducting Double-Network Composite Hydrogel for High-Performance Flexible Electronic Devices

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01311-2
Wenchao Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Haifeng Zhou
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Wenkang Li
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Manlin Chen
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Min Zhou
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Long Zhao
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Long Zhao

zhaolong@hust.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 16 (2024), Article Number: 99

Abstract

High-performance ion-conducting hydrogels (ICHs) are vital for developing flexible electronic devices. However, the robustness and ion-conducting behavior of ICHs deteriorate at extreme temperatures, hampering their use in soft electronics. To resolve these issues, a method involving freeze–thawing and ionizing radiation technology is reported herein for synthesizing a novel double-network (DN) ICH based on a poly(ionic liquid)/MXene/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PMP DN ICH) system. The well-designed ICH exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity (63.89 mS cm−1 at 25 °C), excellent temperature resistance (− 60–80 °C), prolonged stability (30 d at ambient temperature), high oxidation resistance, remarkable antibacterial activity, decent mechanical performance, and adhesion. Additionally, the ICH performs effectively in a flexible wireless strain sensor, thermal sensor, all-solid-state supercapacitor, and single-electrode triboelectric nanogenerator, thereby highlighting its viability in constructing soft electronic devices. The highly integrated gel structure endows these flexible electronic devices with stable, reliable signal output performance. In particular, the all-solid-state supercapacitor containing the PMP DN ICH electrolyte exhibits a high areal specific capacitance of 253.38 mF cm−2 (current density, 1 mA cm−2) and excellent environmental adaptability. This study paves the way for the design and fabrication of high-performance multifunctional/flexible ICHs for wearable sensing, energy-storage, and energy-harvesting applications.


Highlights:
1 Novel double-network (DN) ion-conducting hydrogel (ICH) based on a poly(ionic liquid)/MXene/poly(vinyl alcohol) system (named PMP DN ICH) was synthesized using freeze–thawing and ionizing radiation technology.
2 The PMP DN ICH possesses a multiple cross-linking mechanism and exhibits outstanding ionic conductivity (63.89 mS cm−1), excellent temperature resistance (−60–80 °C) and decent mechanical performance.
3 The well-designed PMP DN ICH shows considerable potential in wearable sensing, energy storage, and energy harvesting.

Keywords

Ionic liquids Double-network hydrogels Temperature tolerance Multifunctionality Temperature tolerance Multifunctionality Flexible electronic devices
Zhao, Wenchao, Haifeng Zhou, Wenkang Li, Manlin Chen, Min Zhou, and Long Zhao. 2024. “An Environment-Tolerant Ion-Conducting Double-Network Composite Hydrogel for High-Performance Flexible Electronic Devices”. Nano-Micro Letters 16 (January):99. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01311-2.
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