Issue

Vol. 17 (2025)

Designing Electronic Structures of Multiscale Helical Converters for Tailored Ultrabroad Electromagnetic Absorption

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01513-2
Zhaobo Feng
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, People’s Republic of China
Chongbo Liu
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, People’s Republic of China
Xin Li
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, People’s Republic of China
Guangsheng Luo
School of Physics and Materials, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People’s Republic of China
Naixin Zhai
School of Physics and Materials, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, People’s Republic of China
Ruizhe Hu
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, People’s Republic of China
Jing Lin
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, People’s Republic of China
Jinbin Peng
Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, People’s Republic of China
Yuhui Peng
Key Laboratory of Nondestructive Testing, Ministry of Education, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang 330063, People’s Republic of China
Renchao Che
Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Academy for Engineering and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Renchao Che

rcche@fudan.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 20

Abstract

Atomic-scale doping strategies and structure design play pivotal roles in tailoring the electronic structure and physicochemical property of electromagnetic wave absorption (EMWA) materials. However, the relationship between configuration and electromagnetic (EM) loss mechanism has remained elusive. Herein, drawing inspiration from the DNA transcription process, we report the successful synthesis of novel in situ Mn/N co-doped helical carbon nanotubes with ultrabroad EMWA capability. Theoretical calculation and EM simulation confirm that the orbital coupling and spin polarization of the Mn–N4–C configuration, along with cross polarization generated by the helical structure, endow the helical converters with enhanced EM loss. As a result, HMC-8 demonstrates outstanding EMWA performance, achieving a minimum reflection loss of −63.13 dB at an ultralow thickness of 1.29 mm. Through precise tuning of the graphite domain size, HMC-7 achieves an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 6.08 GHz at 2.02 mm thickness. Furthermore, constructing macroscale gradient metamaterials enables an ultrabroadband EAB of 12.16 GHz at a thickness of only 5.00 mm, with the maximum radar cross section reduction value reaching 36.4 dB m2. This innovative approach not only advances the understanding of metal–nonmetal co-doping but also realizes broadband EMWA, thus contributing to the development of EMWA mechanisms and applications.


Highlights:
1 The energy conversion mechanism is thoroughly analyzed, with a detailed quantitative characterization of the dissipation capacities of polarization, conduction, and magnetic loss.
2 Inspired by DNA transcription, atom and geometry configurations co-modulating multi-scale helical converters achieve the RLmin of −63.13 dB at 1.29 mm, and the maximum RCS reduction value reach 36.4 dB m2.
3 Orbital coupling, spin and cross polarization synergize to realize a 6.08 GHz EAB, further expanding to ultrabroad electromagnetic wave absorption of 12.16 GHz through metamaterial design.

Keywords

Metal–nonmetal co-doping 3d–2p orbital coupling Spin polarization Helical structure Broadband EM wave absorption
Feng, Zhaobo, Chongbo Liu, Xin Li, Guangsheng Luo, Naixin Zhai, Ruizhe Hu, Jing Lin, Jinbin Peng, Yuhui Peng, and Renchao Che. 2024. “Designing Electronic Structures of Multiscale Helical Converters for Tailored Ultrabroad Electromagnetic Absorption”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (September):20. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01513-2.
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