Issue

Vol. 13 (2021)

Nanocarbon-Enhanced 2D Photoelectrodes: A New Paradigm in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00545-8
Jun Ke
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Fan He
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Hui Wu
School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 Guanggu 1st Road, Wuhan 430205, People’s Republic of China
Siliu Lyu
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Jie Liu
Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University, 619 Yonghua N St, Baoding 071003, People’s Republic of China
Bin Yang
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Zhongjian Li
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Qinghua Zhang
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Jian Chen
State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, College of Control Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Lecheng Lei
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Yang Hou
Key Laboratory of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, People’s Republic of China
Kostya Ostrikov
School of Chemistry and Physics and Centre for Materials Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia

Corresponding Author: Yang Hou

yhou@zju.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 13 (2021), Article Number: 24

Abstract

Solar-driven photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting systems are highly promising for converting solar energy into clean and sustainable chemical energy. In such PEC systems, an integrated photoelectrode incorporates a light harvester for absorbing solar energy, an interlayer for transporting photogenerated charge carriers, and a co-catalyst for triggering redox reactions. Thus, understanding the correlations between the intrinsic structural properties and functions of the photoelectrodes is crucial. Here we critically examine various 2D layered photoanodes/photocathodes, including graphitic carbon nitrides, transition metal dichalcogenides, layered double hydroxides, layered bismuth oxyhalide nanosheets, and MXenes, combined with advanced nanocarbons (carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and graphdiyne) as co-catalysts to assemble integrated photoelectrodes for oxygen evolution/hydrogen evolution reactions. The fundamental principles of PEC water splitting and physicochemical properties of photoelectrodes and the associated catalytic reactions are analyzed. Elaborate strategies for the assembly of 2D photoelectrodes with nanocarbons to enhance the PEC performances are introduced. The mechanisms of interplay of 2D photoelectrodes and nanocarbon co-catalysts are further discussed. The challenges and opportunities in the field are identified to guide future research for maximizing the conversion efficiency of PEC water splitting.


Highlights:


1 Layered integrated photoelectrodes for water splitting incorporating nanocarbon co-catalysts are systematically reviewed.
2 The correlations between intrinsic structures, optimized configurations, and water splitting performances of layered integrated photoelectrodes are established and analyzed.
3 Various synthetic strategies and assembling procedures are critically examined to enhance water splitting performance of layered integrated photoelectrodes.
4 Current challenges and future directions for maximizing the efficiency of photoelectrochemical water splitting are outlined.

Keywords

Advanced nanocarbons Co-catalysts 2D layered structure Integrated photoelectrodes Photoelectrochemical water splitting
Ke, Jun, Fan He, Hui Wu, Siliu Lyu, Jie Liu, Bin Yang, Zhongjian Li, Qinghua Zhang, Jian Chen, Lecheng Lei, Yang Hou, and Kostya Ostrikov. 2020. “Nanocarbon-Enhanced 2D Photoelectrodes: A New Paradigm in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting”. Nano-Micro Letters 13 (November):24. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00545-8.
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