Issue

Vol. 13 (2021)

3D Carbon Frameworks for Ultrafast Charge/Discharge Rate Supercapacitors with High Energy-Power Density

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00535-w
Changyu Leng
State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
Zongbin Zhao
State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
Yinzhou Song
State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
Lulu Sun
State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
Zhuangjun Fan
School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
Yongzhen Yang
Key Lab of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People’s Republic of China
Xuguang Liu
Key Lab of Interface Science and Engineering in Advanced Materials, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People’s Republic of China
Xuzhen Wang
State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
Jieshan Qiu
State Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Key Lab for Energy Materials and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Jieshan Qiu

jqiu@dlut.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 13 (2021), Article Number: 8

Abstract

Carbon-based electric double layer capacitors (EDLCs) hold tremendous potentials due to their high-power performance and excellent cycle stability. However, the practical use of EDLCs is limited by the low energy density in aqueous electrolyte and sluggish diffusion kinetics in organic or/and ionic liquids electrolyte. Herein, 3D carbon frameworks (3DCFs) constructed by interconnected nanocages (10–20 nm) with an ultrathin wall of ca. 2 nm have been fabricated, which possess high specific surface area, hierarchical porosity and good conductive network. After deoxidization, the deoxidized 3DCF (3DCF-DO) exhibits a record low IR drop of 0.064 V at 100 A g−1 and ultrafast charge/discharge rate up to 10 V s−1. The related device can be charged up to 77.4% of its maximum capacitance in 0.65 s at 100 A g−1 in 6 M KOH. It has been found that the 3DCF-DO has a great affinity to EMIMBF4, resulting in a high specific capacitance of 174 F g−1 at 1 A g−1, and a high energy density of 34 Wh kg−1 at an ultrahigh power density of 150 kW kg−1 at 4 V after a fast charge in 1.11 s. This work provides a facile fabrication of novel 3D carbon frameworks for supercapacitors with ultrafast charge/discharge rate and high energy-power density.


Highlights:


1 3D carbon frameworks (3DCFs) constructed by interconnected nanocages show a high specific surface area, hierarchical porosity, and conductive network.
2 The deoxidization process removed most of surface oxygen-containing groups in 3DCFs that leads to fast ion diffusion kinetics, good electric conductivity, and limited side reactions.
3 The deoxidized 3DCFs exhibit an ultrafast charge/discharge rate as electrodes for SCs with high energy-power density in both aqueous and ionic liquids electrolytes.

Keywords

3D carbon frameworks Nanocages Ultrafast charge/discharge rate High energy-power density Supercapacitors
Leng, Changyu, Zongbin Zhao, Yinzhou Song, Lulu Sun, Zhuangjun Fan, Yongzhen Yang, Xuguang Liu, Xuzhen Wang, and Jieshan Qiu. 2020. “3D Carbon Frameworks for Ultrafast Charge/Discharge Rate Supercapacitors With High Energy-Power Density”. Nano-Micro Letters 13 (October):8. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00535-w.
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. P. Simon, Y. Gogotsi, Materials for electrochemical capacitors. Nat. Mater. 7, 845–854 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat2297
  2. Y. Wu, Y. Yang, X. Zhao, Y. Tan, Y. Liu, Z. Wang, F. Ran, A novel hierarchical porous 3D structured vanadium nitride/carbon membranes for high-performance supercapacitor negative electrodes. Nano-Micro Lett. 10, 63 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-018-0217-1
  3. Q. Wu, L. Yang, X. Wang, Z. Hu, From carbon-based nanotubes to nanocages for advanced energy conversion and storage. Acc. Chem. Res. 50, 435–444 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00541
  4. S. Kondrat, C.R. Pérez, V. Presser, Y. Gogotsi, A.A. Kornyshev, Effect of pore size and its dispersity on the energy storage in nanoporous supercapacitors. Energy Environ. Sci. 5, 6474–6480 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1039/c2ee03092f
  5. X. Wang, Y. Zhang, C. Zhi, X. Wang, D. Tang et al., Three-dimensional strutted graphene grown by substrate-free sugar blowing for high-power-density supercapacitors. Nat. Commun. 4, 2905–2913 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms3905
  6. Y. Dong, M. Yu, Z. Wang, Y. Liu, X. Wang, Z. Zhao, J. Qiu, A top-down strategy toward 3D carbon nanosheet frameworks decorated with hollow nanostructures for superior lithium storage. Adv. Funct. Mater. 26, 7590–7598 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201603659
  7. L. Lyu, K. Seong, J.M. Kim, W. Zhang, X. Jin et al., CNT/high mass loading MnO2/graphene-grafted carbon cloth electrodes for high-energy asymmetric supercapacitors. Nano-Micro Lett. 11, 88 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-019-0316-7
  8. J. Wang, Q. Ma, Y. Wang, Z. Li, Z. Li, Q. Yuan, New insights into the structure–performance relationships of mesoporous materials in analytical science. Chem. Soc. Rev. 47, 8766 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1039/c8cs00658j
  9. J. Wang, Y. Cui, D. Wang, Design of hollow nanostructures for energy storage, conversion and production. Adv. Mater. 31, 1801993 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201801993
  10. K. Xie, X. Qin, X. Wang, Y. Wang, H. Tao et al., Carbon nanocages as supercapacitor electrode materials. Adv. Mater. 24, 347–352 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201103872
  11. L. Wang, T. Wei, L. Sheng, L. Jiang, X. Wu et al., “Brick-and-Mortar” sandwiched porous carbon building constructed by metal-organic framework and graphene: ultrafast charge/discharge rate up to 2 V s−1 for supercapacitors. Nano Energy 30, 84–92 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.09.042
  12. Z. Ling, Z. Wang, M. Zhang, C. Yu, G. Wang et al., Sustainable synthesis and assembly of biomass-derived B/N Co-doped carbon nanosheets with ultrahigh aspect ratio for high-performance supercapacitors. Adv. Funct. Mater. 26, 111–119 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201670001
  13. T. Lin, I. Chen, F. Liu, C. Yang, H. Bi, F. Xu, F. Huang, Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon of extraordinary capacitance for electrochemical energy storage. Science 350, 1508–1513 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab3798
  14. Z. Pan, H. Zhi, Y. Qiu, J. Yang, L. Xing et al., Achieving commercial-level mass loading in ternary-doped holey graphene hydrogel electrodes for ultrahigh energy density supercapacitors. Nano Energy 46, 266 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.02.007
  15. Z. Liu, L. Jiang, L. Sheng, Q. Zhou, T. Wei, B. Zhang, Z. Fan, Oxygen clusters distributed in graphene with “paddy land” structure: ultrahigh capacitance and rate performance for supercapacitors. Adv. Funct. Mater. 28, 1705258 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201705258
  16. X. Jiang, R. Li, M. Hu, Z. Hu, D. Golberg, Y. Bando, X. Wang, Zinc-tiered synthesis of 3D graphene for monolithic electrodes. Adv. Mater. 31, 11901186 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201901186
  17. J. Chmiola, C. Largeot, P. Taberna, P. Simon, Y. Gogotsi, Desolvation of ions in subnanometer pores and its effect on capacitance and double-layer theory. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 120, 3340–3443 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1002/ange.200704894
  18. C. Largeot, C. Portet, J. Chmiola, P. Taberna, Y. Gogotsi, P. Simon, Relation between the ion size and pore size for an electric double-layer capacitor. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 2730–2731 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1021/ja7106178
  19. F. Zhang, T. Liu, M. Li, M. Yu, Y. Luo, Y. Tong, Y. Li, Multiscale pore network boosts capacitance of carbon electrodes for ultrafast charging. Nano Lett. 17, 3097 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b00533
  20. W. Zhao, H. Zhang, J. Liu, L. Xu, H. Wu et al., Controlled air-etching synthesis of porous-carbon nanotube aerogels with ultrafast charging at 1000 A g−1. Small 40, 1802394 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201802394
  21. C. Liu, Y. Liu, T. Yi, C. Hu, Carbon materials for high-voltage supercapacitors. Carbon 145, 529–548 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2018.12.009
  22. C. Zhong, Y. Deng, W. Hu, J. Qiao, L. Zhang, J. Zhang, A review of electrolyte materials and compositions for electrochemical supercapacitors. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44, 7484 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1039/c5cs00303b
  23. K. Zhang, L. Zhang, X.S. Zhao, J. Wu, Graphene/polyaniline nanofiber composites as supercapacitor electrodes. Chem. Mater. 22, 1392–1401 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1021/cm902876u
  24. N. Yang, S. Yu, J.V. Macpherson, Y. Einaga, H. Zhao, G. Zhao, Conductive diamond: synthesis, properties, and electrochemical applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 48, 157–204 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00757d
  25. S. Yu, N. Yang, M. Vogel, S. Mandal, O.A. Williams, S. Jiang, H. Schönherr, Battery-like supercapacitors from vertically aligned carbon nanofibers coated diamond: design and demonstrator. Adv. Energy Mater. 8, 1702947 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702947
  26. J. Xu, N. Yang, S. Heuser, S. Yu, A. Schulte, H. Schönherr, X. Jiang, Achieving ultrahigh energy densities of supercapacitors with porous titanium carbide/boron-doped diamond composite electrodes. Adv. Energy Mater. 9, 1803623 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201803623
  27. K. Zhou, Y. He, Q. Xu, Q. Zhang, A. Zhou et al., A hydrogel of ultrathin pure polyaniline nanofibers: oxidant-templating preparation and supercapacitor application. ACS Nano 12, 5888–5894 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b02055
  28. Q. Wu, Y. Xu, Z. Yao, A. Liu, G. Shi, Supercapacitors based on flexible graphene/polyaniline nanofiber composite films. ACS Nano 4, 1963–1970 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.008
  29. Z. Sun, T. Liao, Y. Dou, S. Huang, M. Park, L. Jiang, S. Dou, Generalized self-assembly of scalable two-dimensional transition metal oxide nanosheets. Nat. Commun. 5, 3813 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4813
  30. S.P. Lonkar, J. Raquez, P. Dubois, One-pot microwave-assisted synthesis of graphene/layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanohybrids. Nano-Micro Lett. 7, 332–340 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-015-0047-3
  31. X. Guo, G. Zhang, Q. Li, H. Xue, H. Pang, Non-noble metal-transition metal oxide materials for electrochemical energy storage. Energy Storage Mater. 15, 171 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2018.04.002
  32. J. Yang, C. Yu, C. Hu, M. Wang, S. Li et al., Surface-confined fabrication of ultrathin nickel cobalt-layered double hydroxide nanosheets for high-performance supercapacitors. Adv. Funct. Mater. 28, 1803272 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201803272
  33. Z. Xiao, Y. Mei, S. Yuan, H. Mei, B. Xu et al., Controlled hydrolysis of meta-organic frameworks: hierarchical Ni/Co-layered double hydroxide microspheres for high-performance supercapacitors. ACS Nano 13, 7024–7030 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b02106
  34. Z. Li, H. Duan, M. Shao, J. Li, D. O’Hare, M. Wei, Z. Wang, Ordered-vacancy- induced cation intercalation into layered double hydroxides: a general approach for high-performance supercapacitors. Chem 4, 2168–2179 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chempr.2018.06.007
  35. S. Chen, J. Wang, L. Fan, R. Ma, E. Zhang, Q. Liu, B. Lu, An ultrafast rechargeable hybrid sodium-based dual-ion capacitor based on hard carbon cathodes. Adv. Energy Mater. 8, 1800140 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201800140
  36. H. Wang, C. Zhu, D. Chao, Q. Yan, H. Fan, Nonaqueous hybrid lithium-ion and sodium-ion capacitors. Adv. Mater. 29, 1702093 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201702093
  37. Y. Luo, L. Liu, K. Lei, J. Shi, G. Xu, F. Li, J. Chen, A nonaqueous potassium-ion hybrid capacitor enabled by two-dimensional diffusion pathways of dipotassium terephthalate. Chem. Sci. 10, 2048 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c8sc04489a
  38. W. Guo, C. Yu, S. Li, X. Song, H. Huang et al., A universal converse voltage process for triggering transition metal hybrids in situ phase restriction toward ultrahigh-rate supercapacitors. Adv. Mater. 31, 1901241 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201901241
  39. Y. Shao, M. El-Kady, J. Sun, Y. Li, Q. Zhang et al., Design and mechanisms of asymmetric supercapacitors. Chem. Rev. 118, 9233–9280 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00252
  40. Z. Fan, J. Yan, T. Wei, L. Zhi, G. Ning, T. Li, F. Wei, Asymmetric supercapacitors based on graphene/MnO2 and activated carbon nanofiber electrodes with high power and energy density. Adv. Funct. Mater. 21, 2366–2375 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201100058
  41. K. Nomura, H. Nishihara, N. Kobayashi, T. Kyotani, 4.4 V supercapacitors based on super-stable mesoporous carbon sheet made of edge-free graphene walls. Energy Environ. Sci. 12, 1542 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c8ee03184c
  42. F. Sun, X. Liu, H. Wu, L. Wang, J. Gao, H. Li, Y. Lu, In situ high-level nitrogen doping into carbon nanospheres and boosting of capacitive charge storage in both anode and cathode for a high-energy 4.5 V full-carbon lithium-ion capacitor. Nano Lett. 18, 3368 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b00134
  43. Y. Ahn, B. Kim, J. Ko, D. You, Z. Yin et al., All solid state flexible supercapacitors operating at 4 V with a cross-linked polymer–ionic liquid electrolyte. J. Mater. Chem. A 4, 4386–4391 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ta00643d
  44. J. Li, N. Wang, J. Tian, W. Qian, W. Chu, Cross-coupled macro-mesoporous carbon network toward record high energy-power density supercapacitor at 4 V. Adv. Funct. Mater. 28, 1806153 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201806153
  45. C. Cui, W. Qian, Y. Yu, C. Kong, B. Yu, L. Xiang, F. Wei, Highly electroconductive mesoporous graphene nanofibers and their capacitance performance at 4 V. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136, 2256–2259 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/ja412219r
  46. Q. Wang, Y. Jun, Z. Fan, Carbon materials for high volumetric performance supercapacitors: design, progress, challenges and opportunities. Energy Environ. Sci. 9, 729–762 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1039/c5ee03109e
  47. J. Hou, C. Cao, F. Idrees, X. Ma, Hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets derived from silk for ultrahigh-capacity battery anodes and supercapacitors. ACS Nano 9, 2556–2564 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1021/nn506394r
  48. G. Zhao, C. Chen, D. Yu, L. Sun, C. Yang et al., One-step production of O–N–S Co-doped three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbons for high-performance supercapacitors. Nano Energy 47, 547 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.03.016
  49. B. Song, J. Zhao, M. Wang, J. Mullavey, Y. Zhu et al., Systematic study on structural and electronic properties of diamine/triamine functionalized graphene network for supercapacitor application. Nano Energy 31, 183–193 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.10.057
  50. H. Peng, B. Yao, X. Wei, T. Liu, T. Kou, P. Xiao, Y. Zhang, Pore and heteroatom engineered carbon foams for supercapacitors. Adv. Energy Mater. 9, 1803665 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201803665
  51. D. Liu, K. Ni, J. Ye, J. Xie, Y. Zhu, L. Song, Tailoring the structure of carbon nanomaterials toward high-end energy applications. Adv. Mater. 30, 1802104 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201802104
  52. F. Wei, X. He, L. Ma, H. Zhang, N. Xiao, J. Qiu, 3D N, O-Codoped egg-box-like carbons with tuned channels for high areal capacitance supercapacitors. Nano-Micro Lett. 12, 82 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00416-2
Read More
Author biographies are not available.
Download this PDF file
PDF SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
Statistic
Read Counter : 10747 Download : 8094

Most read articles by the same author(s)