Very-High Color Rendering Index Hybrid White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes with Double Emitting Nanolayers
Corresponding Author: Jianhua Zou
Nano-Micro Letters,
Vol. 6 No. 4 (2014), Article Number: 335-339
Abstract
A very-high color rendering index white organic light-emitting diode (WOLED) based on a simple structure was successfully fabricated. The optimized device exhibits a maximum total efficiency of 13.1 and 5.4 lm/W at 1,000 cd/m2. A peak color rendering index of 90 and a relatively stable color during a wide range of luminance were obtained. In addition, it was demonstrated that the 4,4′,4″-tri(9-carbazoyl) triphenylamine host influenced strongly the performance of this WOLED. These results may be beneficial to the design of both material and device architecture for high-performance WOLED.
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- H. Sasabe, J. Kido, Development of high performance OLEDs for general lighting. J. Mater. Chem. C 1(9), 1699–1707 (2013). doi:10.1039/C2TC00584K
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- Q. Fu, J. Chen, H. Zhang, C. Shi, D. Ma, Solution-processed single-emitting-layer white organic light-emitting diodes based on small molecules with efficiency/CRI/color-stability trade-off. Opt. Express 21(9), 11078–11085 (2013). doi:10.1364/OE.21.011078
- S. Reineke, K. Walzer, K. Leo, Triplet-exciton quenching in organic phosphorescent light-emitting diodes with Ir-based emitters. Phys. Rev. B 75, 125328 (2007). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.75.125328
- X.H. Yang, S.J. Zheng, H.S. Chae, S. Li, A. Mochizuki, G.E. Jabbour, Fluorescent deep-blue and hybrid white emitting devices based on a naphthalene-benzofuran compound. Org. Electron. 14(8), 2023–2028 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2013.03.012
- B. Liu, L. Wang, J. Zou, H. Tao, Y. Su, D. Gao, M. Xu, L. Lan, J. Peng, Investigation on spacers and structures: A simple but effective approach toward high-performance hybrid white organic light emitting diodes. Synth. Met. 184, 5–9 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2013.09.023
References
H. Sasabe, J. Kido, Development of high performance OLEDs for general lighting. J. Mater. Chem. C 1(9), 1699–1707 (2013). doi:10.1039/C2TC00584K
Y.J. Tung, M.M.H. Lu, M.S. Weaver, M. Hack, J.J. Brown, High-efficiency white phosphorescent OLEDs for lighting. Proc. SPIE 5214, 114–123 (2004). doi:10.1117/12.514753
B.W. D’Andrade, M.E. Thompson, S.R. Forrest, Controlling exciton diffusion in multilayer white phosphorescent organic light emitting devices. Adv. Mater. 14(2), 144–147 (2002). doi:10.1002/1521-4095(20020116)14:2%3C144::AID-ADMA144%3E3.0.CO;2-F
Y. Sun, N. Giebink, H. Kanno, B. Ma, M. Thompson, S.R. Forrest, Management of singlet and triplet excitons for efficient white organic light-emitting devices. Nature 440, 908–912 (2006). doi:10.1038/nature04645
M.S. Park, H.J. Park, O.Y. Kim, J.Y. Lee, High color rendering index in phosphorescent white organic light-emitting diodes using a yellowish-green dopant with broad light emission. Org. Electron. 14(6), 1504–1509 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2013.03.014
J.H. Jou, S.M. Shen, C.R. Lin, Y.S. Wang, Y.C. Chou, S.Z. Chen, Y.C. Jou, Efficient very-high color rendering index organic light-emitting diode. Org. Electron. 12(5), 865–868 (2011). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2011.02.012
D. Wang, W.L. Li, Z.S. Su, T.L. Li, B. Chu, D.F. Bi, L.L. Chen, W.M. Su, H. He, Broad wavelength modulating and design of organic white diode based on lighting by using exciplex emission from mixed acceptors. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89(23), 233511 (2006). doi:10.1063/1.2402879
C.H. Chang, K.C. Tien, C.C. Chen, M.S. Lin, H.C. Cheng, S.H. Liu, C.C. Wu, J.Y. Hung, Y.C. Chiu, Y. Chi, Efficient phosphorescent white OLEDs with high color rendering capability. Org. Electron. 11(3), 412–418 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2009.11.020
S. Chen, G. Tan, W.Y. Wong, H.S. Kwok, White organic light-emitting diodes with evenly separated red, green, and blue colors for efficiency/color-rendition trade-off optimization. Adv. Funct. Mater. 21(19), 3785–3793 (2011). doi:10.1002/adfm.201100895
Y. Hao, W. Meng, H. Xu, H. Wang, X. Liu, B. Xu, White organic light-emitting diodes based on a novel Zn complex with high CRI combining emission from excitons and interface-formed electroplex. Org. Electron. 12(1), 136–142 (2011). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2010.10.019
Y. Li, W. Zhang, L. Zhang, X. Wen, Y. Yin, S. Liu, W. Xie, H. Zhao, S. Tao, Ultra-high general and special color rendering index white organic light-emitting device based on a deep red phosphorescent dye. Org. Electron. 14(12), 3201–3205 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2013.09.035
B. Liu, M. Xu, L. Wang, X. Yan, H. Tao, Y. Su, D. Gao, L. Lan, J. Zou, J. Peng, Investigation and optimization of each organic layer: a simple but effective approach towards achieving high-efficiency hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes. Org. Electron. 15(4), 926–936 (2014). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2014.02.005
Y. Tao, Q. Wang, Y. Shang, C. Yang, L. Ao, J. Qin, D. Ma, Z. Shuai, Multifunctional bipolar triphenylamine/oxadiazole derivatives: highly efficient blue fluorescence, red phosphorescence host and two-color based white OLEDs. Chem. Commun. 77(1), 77–79 (2009). doi:10.1039/B816264F
M.V.M. Rao, Y.K. Su, T.S. Huang, Y.C. Chen, White organic light emitting devices based on multiple emissive nanolayers. Nano-Micro Lett. 2(4), 242–246 (2010). doi:10.3786/nml.v2i4.p242-246
F. Zhao, Z. Zhang, Y. Liu, Y. Dai, J. Chen, D. Ma, A hybrid white organic light-emitting diode with stable color and reduced efficiency roll-off by using a bipolar charge carrier switch. Org. Electron. 13(6), 1049–1055 (2012). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2012.03.005
R. Acharya, X.A. Cao, High-brightness organic light-emitting diodes based on a simplified hybrid structure. Appl. Phys. Lett. 101(5), 053306 (2012). doi:10.1063/1.4740272
W.S. Jeon, T.J. Park, K.H. Kim, R. Pode, J. Jang, J.H. Kwon, High efficiency red phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes with single layer structure. Org. Electron. 11(2), 179–183 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2009.10.010
Y. Li, K. Xu, X. Wen, L. Zhang, Y. Yin, S. Liu, X. Piao, W. Xie, High general and special color rendering index white organic light-emitting device with bipolar homojunction emitting layers. Org. Electron. 14(8), 1946–1951 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2013.04.027
G. Cheng, M. Mazzeo, S. D’Agostino, F.D. Sala, S. Carallo, G. Gigli, Pure white hybrid light-emitting device with color rendering index higher than 90. Opt. Lett. 35(5), 616–618 (2010). doi:10.1364/OL.35.000616
Q. Wang, J. Ding, D. Ma, Y. Cheng, L. Wang, Highly efficient single-emitting-layer white organic light-emitting diodes with reduced efficiency roll-off. Appl. Phys. Lett. 94(10), 103503 (2009). doi:10.1063/1.3097028
Q. Wang, J. Ding, Y. Cheng, L. Wang, D. Ma, Achieving highly efficient white organic light-emitting diodes with reduced efficiency roll-off. J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. 42(6), 065106 (2009). doi:10.1088/0022-3727/42/6/065106
Y. Chen, F. Zhao, Y. Zhao, J. Chen, D. Ma, Ultra-simple hybrid white organic light-emitting diodes with high efficiency and CRI trade-off: fabrication and emission-mechanism analysis. Org. Electron. 13(12), 2807–2815 (2012). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2012.08.031
Y. Tao, C. Yang, J. Qin, Organic host materials for phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes. Chem. Soc. Rev. 40(5), 2943–2970 (2011). doi:10.1039/C0CS00160K
Y.S. Seo, D.G. Moon, Highly efficient blue phosphorescent organic light-emitting devices using simple structures with thin 1,1-bis[(di-4-tolyamino)phenyl]cyclohexane layers. Synth. Met. 160(1–2), 113–115 (2010). doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2009.10.016
P.S. Davids, I.H. Campbell, D.L. Smith, Device model for single carrier organic diodes. J. Appl. Phys. 82(12), 6319 (1997). doi:10.1063/1.366522
C. Wu, S. Tao, M. Chen, H.W. Mo, T.W. Ng, X. Liu, X. Zhang, W. Zhao, C.S. Lee, A new multifunctional fluorenyl carbazole hybrid for high performance deep blue fluorescence, orange phosphorescent host andfluorescence/phosphorescence white OLEDs. Dyes Pigm. 97(2), 273–277 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.dyepig.2012.12.028
R. Shangguan, G. Mu, X. Qiao, L. Wang, K.W. Cheah, X. Zhu, C.H. Chen, Low sublimation temperature cesium pivalate complex as an efficient electron injection material for organic light-emitting diode devices. Org. Electron. 12(11), 1957–1962 (2011). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2011.08.005
Q. Fu, J. Chen, H. Zhang, C. Shi, D. Ma, Solution-processed single-emitting-layer white organic light-emitting diodes based on small molecules with efficiency/CRI/color-stability trade-off. Opt. Express 21(9), 11078–11085 (2013). doi:10.1364/OE.21.011078
S. Reineke, K. Walzer, K. Leo, Triplet-exciton quenching in organic phosphorescent light-emitting diodes with Ir-based emitters. Phys. Rev. B 75, 125328 (2007). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.75.125328
X.H. Yang, S.J. Zheng, H.S. Chae, S. Li, A. Mochizuki, G.E. Jabbour, Fluorescent deep-blue and hybrid white emitting devices based on a naphthalene-benzofuran compound. Org. Electron. 14(8), 2023–2028 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.orgel.2013.03.012
B. Liu, L. Wang, J. Zou, H. Tao, Y. Su, D. Gao, M. Xu, L. Lan, J. Peng, Investigation on spacers and structures: A simple but effective approach toward high-performance hybrid white organic light emitting diodes. Synth. Met. 184, 5–9 (2013). doi:10.1016/j.synthmet.2013.09.023