Issue

Vol. 14 (2022)

Bioinspired MXene-Based User-Interactive Electronic Skin for Digital and Visual Dual-Channel Sensing

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00838-0
Wentao Cao
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China
Zheng Wang
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China
Xiaohao Liu
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China
Zhi Zhou
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China
Yue Zhang
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China
Shisheng He
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China
Daxiang Cui
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China
Feng Chen
Department of Orthopedic, School of Medicine, Spinal Pain Research Institute, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Feng Chen

fchen@tongji.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 14 (2022), Article Number: 119

Abstract

User-interactive electronic skin (e-skin) that could convert mechanical stimuli into distinguishable outputs displays tremendous potential for wearable devices and health care applications. However, the existing devices have the disadvantages such as complex integration procedure and lack of the intuitive signal display function. Here, we present a bioinspired user-interactive e-skin, which is simple in structure and can synchronously achieve digital electrical response and optical visualization upon external mechanical stimulus. The e-skin comprises a conductive layer with a carbon nanotubes/cellulose nanofibers/MXene nanohybrid network featuring remarkable electromechanical behaviors, and a stretchable elastomer layer, which is composed of silicone rubber and thermochromic pigments. Furthermore, the conductive nanohybrid network with outstanding Joule heating performance can generate controllable thermal energy under voltage input and then achieve the dynamic coloration of silicone-based elastomer. Especially, such an innovative fusion strategy of digital data and visual images enables the e-skin to monitor human activities with evermore intuition and accuracy. The simple design philosophy and reliable operation of the demonstrated e-skin are expected to provide an ideal platform for next-generation flexible electronics.


Highlights:


1 A bioinspired MXene-based user-interactive electronic skin (e-skin) for digital and visual dual-signal sensing was designed and fabricated.
2 The MXene-based e-skin exhibited an excellent electromechanical sensing performance and realized the real-time monitoring of human activities, such as handwriting, drinking, walking, and speaking.
3 Benefiting from the outstanding Joule-heating performance of MXene-based film, the e-skin with thermochromic pigments could realize a wider range and dynamic coloration for passive displays and visual recognition of various human motions.

Keywords

MXene Electronic skin Electromechanical behavior Joule heating Visualization
Cao, Wentao, Zheng Wang, Xiaohao Liu, Zhi Zhou, Yue Zhang, Shisheng He, Daxiang Cui, and Feng Chen. 2022. “Bioinspired MXene-Based User-Interactive Electronic Skin for Digital and Visual Dual-Channel Sensing”. Nano-Micro Letters 14 (May):119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00838-0.
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. D. Jung, C. Lim, H.J. Shim, Y. Kim, C. Park et al., Highly conductive and elastic nanomembrane for skin electronics. Science 373(6558), 1022–1026 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abh4357
  2. A. Chortos, J. Liu, Z. Bao, Pursuing prosthetic electronic skin. Nat. Mater. 15, 937–950 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nmat4671
  3. S. Lee, S. Franklin, F.A. Hassani, T. Yokota, O.G. Nayeem et al., Nanomesh pressure sensor for monitoring finger manipulation without sensory interference. Science 370(6519), 966–970 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abc9735
  4. G. Gu, N. Zhang, H. Xu, S. Lin, Y. Yu et al., A soft neuroprosthetic hand providing simultaneous myoelectric control and tactile feedback. Nat. Biomed. Eng. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41551-021-00767-0
  5. J.W. Kwak, M. Han, Z. Xie, H.U. Chung, J.Y. Lee et al., Wireless sensors for continuous, multimodal measurements at the skin interface with lower limb prostheses. Sci. Transl. Med. 12(574), eabc4327 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/scitranslmed.abc4327
  6. C.G. Nunez, W.T. Navaraj, E.O. Polat, R. Dahiya, Energy-autonomous, flexible, and transparent tactile skin. Adv. Funct. Mater. 27(18), 1606287 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201606287
  7. Y. Wang, S. Lee, T. Yokota, H. Wang, Z. Jiang et al., A durable nanomesh on-skin strain gauge for natural skin motion monitoring with minimum mechanical constraints. Sci. Adv. 6(33), eabb7043 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb7043
  8. X. Peng, K. Dong, C. Ye, Y. Jiang, S. Zhai et al., A breathable, biodegradable, antibacterial, and self-powered electronic skin based on all-nanofiber triboelectric nanogenerators. Sci. Adv. 6(26), eaba9624 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aba9624
  9. Y. Zhao, S. Zhang, T. Yu, Y. Zhang, G. Ye et al., Ultra-conformal skin electrodes with synergistically enhanced conductivity for long-time and low-motion artifact epidermal electrophysiology. Nat. Commun. 12, 4880 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-25152-y
  10. X. Lin, F. Li, Y. Bing, T. Fei, S. Liu et al., Biocompatible multifunctional e-skins with excellent self-healing ability enabled by clean and scalable fabrication. Nano-Micro Lett. 13, 200 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00701-8
  11. S. Chen, L. Sun, X. Zhou, Y. Guo, J. Song et al., Mechanically and biologically skin-like elastomers for bio-integrated electronics. Nat. Commun. 11, 1107 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-14446-2
  12. J. Song, S. Chen, L. Sun, Y. Guo, L. Zhang et al., Mechanically and electronically robust transparent organohydrogel fibers. Adv. Mater. 32(8), 1906994 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201906994
  13. K.K. Kim, I. Ha, M. Kim, J. Choi, P. Won et al., A deep-learned skin sensor decoding the epicentral human motions. Nat. Commun. 11, 2149 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16040-y
  14. W.W. Lee, Y.J. Tan, H. Yao, S. Li, H.H. See et al., A neuro-inspired artificial peripheral nervous system for scalable electronic skins. Sci. Robot. 4(32), eaax2198 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.aax2198
  15. I. You, D.G. Mackanic, N. Matsuhisa, J. Kang, J. Kwon et al., Artificial multimodal receptors based on ion relaxation dynamics. Science 370(6519), 961–965 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba5132
  16. L. Zhang, J. Liang, C. Jiang, Z. Liu, L. Sun et al., Peptidoglycan-inspired autonomous ultrafast self-healing bio-friendly elastomers for bio-integrated electronics. Natl. Sci. Rev. 8(5), nwaa154 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwaa154
  17. L. Sun, H. Huang, Q. Ding, Y. Guo, W. Sun et al., Highly transparent, stretchable, and self-healable ionogel for multifunctional sensors, triboelectric nanogenerator, and wearable fibrous electronics. Adv. Fiber Mater. 4, 98–107 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42765-021-00086-8
  18. X. Fu, L. Wang, L. Zhao, Z. Yuan, Y. Zhang et al., Controlled assembly of MXene nanosheets as an electrode and active layer for high-performance electronic skin. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31(17), 2010533 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202010533
  19. L. Zhao, L. Wang, Y. Zheng, S. Zhao, W. Wei et al., Highly-stable polymer-crosslinked 2D MXene-based flexible biocompatible electronic skins for in vivo biomonitoring. Nano Energy 84, 105921 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2021.105921
  20. Y. Ma, N. Liu, L. Li, X. Hu, Z. Zou et al., A highly flexible and sensitive piezoresistive sensor based on MXene with greatly changed interlayer distances. Nat. Commun. 8, 1207 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01136-9
  21. D. Wang, D. Zhang, P. Li, Z. Yang, Q. Mi et al., Electrospinning of flexible poly(vinyl alcohol)/MXene nanofiber-based humidity sensor self-powered by monolayer molybdenum diselenide piezoelectric nanogenerator. Nano-Micro Lett. 13, 57 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00580-5
  22. V. Kamysbayev, A.S. Filatov, H. Hu, X. Rui, F. Lagunas et al., Covalent surface modifications and superconductivity of two-dimensional metal carbide MXenes. Science 369(6506), 979–983 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba8311
  23. A. Iqbal, F. Shahzad, K. Hantanasirisakul, M.K. Kim, J. Kwon et al., Anomalous absorption of electromagnetic waves by 2D transition metal carbonitride Ti3CNTx (MXene). Science 369(6502), 446–450 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba7977
  24. M. Chao, L. He, M. Gong, N. Li, X. Li et al., Breathable Ti3C2Tx MXene/protein nanocomposites for ultrasensitive medical pressure sensor with degradability in solvents. ACS Nano 15(6), 9746–9758 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c00472
  25. J. Liu, H.B. Zhang, R. Sun, Y. Liu, Z. Liu et al., Hydrophobic, flexible, and lightweight MXene foams for high-performance electromagnetic-interference shielding. Adv. Mater. 29(38), 1702367 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201702367
  26. H.J. Lee, J.C. Yang, J. Choi, J. Kim, G.S. Lee et al., Hetero-dimensional 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene and 1D graphene nanoribbon hybrids for machine learning-assisted pressure sensors. ACS Nano 15(6), 10347–10356 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c02567
  27. Y. Cai, J. Shen, C.W. Yang, Y. Wan, H.L. Tang et al., Mixed-dimensional MXene-hydrogel heterostructures for electronic skin sensors with ultrabroad working range. Sci. Adv. 6(48), eabb5367 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb5367
  28. M. Vatankhah-Varnosfaderani, A.N. Keith, Y. Cong, H. Liang, M. Rosenthal et al., Chameleon-like elastomers with molecularly encoded strain-adaptive stiffening and coloration. Science 359(6383), 1509–1513 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aar5308
  29. P. Wu, J. Wang, L. Jiang, Bio-inspired photonic crystal patterns. Mater. Horiz. 7(2), 338–365 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/c9mh01389j
  30. R.T. Hanlon, C.C. Chiao, L.M. Maethger, A. Barbosa, K.C. Buresch et al., Cephalopod dynamic camouflage: bridging the continuum between background matching and disruptive coloration. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 364, 429–437 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0270
  31. C. Xu, M.C. Escobar, A.A. Gorodetsky, Stretchable cephalopod-inspired multimodal camouflage systems. Adv. Mater. 32(16), 1905717 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201905717
  32. D.J. Wilson, L.F. Deravi, Artificial cephalopod organs for bio-inspired display: progress in emulating nature. Matter 4(8), 2639–2642 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2021.06.011
  33. L.M. Maethger, S.L. Senft, M. Gao, S. Karaveli, G.R.R. Bell et al., Bright white scattering from protein spheres in color changing, flexible cuttlefish skin. Adv. Funct. Mater. 23(32), 3980–3989 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201203705
  34. H. Kim, J. Choi, K.K. Kim, P. Won, S. Hong et al., Biomimetic chameleon soft robot with artificial crypsis and disruptive coloration skin. Nat. Commun. 12, 4658 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-24916-w
  35. D.J. Wilson, Z. Lin, D.Q. Bower, L.F. Deravi, Engineering color, pattern, and texture: from nature to materials. Matter 4(7), 2163–2171 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2021.05.021
  36. S. Zeng, Y. Liu, S. Li, K. Shen, Z. Hou et al., Smart laser-writable micropatterns with multiscale photo/moisture reconstructible structure. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31(10), 2009481 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202009481
  37. C. Wan, P. Cai, X. Guo, M. Wang, N. Matsuhisa et al., An artificial sensory neuron with visual-haptic fusion. Nat. Commun. 11, 4602 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18375-y
  38. C. Pan, L. Dong, G. Zhu, S. Niu, R. Yu et al., High-resolution electroluminescent imaging of pressure distribution using a piezoelectric nanowire LED array. Nat. Photonics 7, 752–758 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/nphoton.2013.191
  39. J. Zhang, N. Kong, S. Uzun, A. Levitt, S. Seyedin et al., Scalable manufacturing of free-standing, strong Ti3C2Tx MXene films with outstanding conductivity. Adv. Mater. 32(23), 2001093 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202001093
  40. Y. Chen, Z. Yu, Y. Ye, Y. Zhang, G. Li et al., Superelastic, hygroscopic, and ionic conducting cellulose nanofibril monoliths by 3D printing. ACS Nano 15(1), 1869–1879 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c10577
  41. W. Luo, J. Hayden, S.H. Jang, Y. Wang, Y. Zhang et al., Highly conductive, light weight, robust, corrosion-resistant, scalable, all-fiber based current collectors for aqueous acidic batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 8(9), 1702615 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.201702615
  42. W. Tian, A. VahidMohammadi, Z. Wang, L. Ouyang, M. Beidaghi et al., Layer-by-layer self-assembly of pillared two-dimensional multilayers. Nat. Commun. 10, 2558 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-10631-0
  43. H. An, T. Habib, S. Shah, H. Gao, M. Radovic et al., Surface-agnostic highly stretchable and bendable conductive MXene multilayers. Sci. Adv. 4(3), eaaq0118 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaq0118
  44. W.T. Cao, C. Ma, D.S. Mao, J. Zhang, M.G. Ma et al., MXene-reinforced cellulose nanofibril inks for 3D-printed smart fibres and textiles. Adv. Funct. Mater. 29(51), 1905898 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201905898
  45. W. Cao, C. Ma, S. Tan, M. Ma, P. Wan et al., Ultrathin and flexible CNTs/MXene/cellulose nanofibrils composite paper for electromagnetic interference shielding. Nano-Micro Lett. 11, 72 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-019-0304-y
  46. M.M. Hamedi, A. Hajian, A.B. Fall, K. Hakansson, M. Salajkova et al., Highly conducting, strong nanocomposites based on nanocellulose-assisted aqueous dispersions of single-wall carbon nanotubes. ACS Nano 8(3), 2467–2476 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1021/nn4060368
  47. Y. Li, H. Zhu, Y. Wang, U. Ray, S. Zhu et al., Cellulose-nanofiber-enabled 3D printing of a carbon-nanotube microfiber network. Small Methods 1(10), 1700222 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201700222
  48. Y. Yang, L. Shi, Z. Cao, R. Wang, J. Sun, Strain sensors with a high sensitivity and a wide sensing range based on a Ti3C2Tx (MXene) nanop-nanosheet hybrid network. Adv. Funct. Mater. 29(14), 1807882 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201807882
  49. Y. Cai, J. Shen, G. Ge, Y. Zhang, W. Jin et al., Stretchable Ti3C2Tx MXene/carbon nanotube composite based strain sensor with ultrahigh sensitivity and tunable sensing range. ACS Nano 12(1), 56–62 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b06251
  50. X. Zhao, L.Y. Wang, C.Y. Tang, X.J. Zha, Y. Liu et al., Smart Ti3C2Tx MXene fabric with fast humidity response and joule heating for healthcare and medical therapy applications. ACS Nano 14(7), 8793–8805 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c03391
  51. M. Shi, M. Shen, X. Guo, X. Jin, Y. Cao et al., Ti3C2Tx MXene-decorated nanoporous polyethylene textile for passive and active personal precision heating. ACS Nano 15(7), 11396–11405 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c00903
  52. D. Jiao, F. Lossada, J. Guo, O. Skarsetz, D. Hoenders et al., Electrical switching of high-performance bioinspired nanocellulose nanocomposites. Nat. Commun. 12, 1312 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-21599-1
  53. T.H. Park, S. Yu, M. Koo, H. Kim, E.H. Kim et al., Shape-adaptable 2D titanium carbide (MXene) heater. ACS Nano 13(6), 6835–6844 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b01602
  54. D. Liu, Y. Gao, Y. Song, H. Zhu, L. Zhang et al., Highly sensitive multifunctional electronic skin based on nanocellulose/MXene composite films with good electromagnetic shielding biocompatible antibacterial properties. Biomacromol 23(1), 182–195 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01203
  55. D.J. Yao, Z. Tang, L. Zhang, Z.G. Liu, Q.J. Sun et al., A highly sensitive, foldable and wearable pressure sensor based on MXene-coated airlaid paper for electronic skin. J. Mater. Chem. C 9(37), 12642–12649 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1039/d1tc02458b
  56. L. Bi, Z. Yang, L. Chen, Z. Wu, C. Ye, Compressible AgNWs/Ti(3)C(2)T(x) MXene aerogel-based highly sensitive piezoresistive pressure sensor as versatile electronic skins. J. Mater. Chem. A 8(38), 20030–20036 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ta07044k
  57. J. Guo, Y. Yu, H. Zhang, L. Sun, Y. Zhao, Elastic MXene hydrogel microfiber-derived electronic skin for joint monitoring. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 13(40), 47800–47806 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.1c10311
  58. J. Guo, Y. Yu, D. Zhang, H. Zhang, Y. Zhao, Morphological hydrogel microfibers with MXene encapsulation for electronic skin. Research 2021, 7065907 (2021). https://doi.org/10.34133/2021/7065907
  59. J. Zhang, L. Wan, Y. Gao, X. Fang, T. Lu et al., Highly stretchable and self-healable MXene/polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel electrode for wearable capacitive electronic skin. Adv. Electron. Mater. 5(7), 1900285 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/aelm.201900285
  60. Z. Cao, Y. Yang, Y. Zheng, W. Wu, F. Xu et al., Highly flexible and sensitive temperature sensors based on Ti3C2Tx (MXene) for electronic skin. J. Mater. Chem. A 7(44), 25314–25323 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ta09225k
Read More
Author biographies are not available.
Statistic
Read Counter : 8332 Download : 5578

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >>