Issue

Vol. 15 (2023)

Recent Advances in Structural Optimization and Surface Modification on Current Collectors for High-Performance Zinc Anode: Principles, Strategies, and Challenges

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01177-4
Yuxin Gong
MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
Bo Wang
MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
Huaizheng Ren
MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
Deyu Li
MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
Dianlong Wang
MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, People’s Republic of China
Huakun Liu
Institute of Energy Material Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People’s Republic of China
Shixue Dou
Institute of Energy Material Science, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, People’s Republic of China

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 15 (2023), Article Number: 208

Abstract

The last several years have witnessed the prosperous development of zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs), which are considered as a promising competitor of energy storage systems thanks to their low cost and high safety. However, the reversibility and availability of this system are blighted by problems such as uncontrollable dendritic growth, hydrogen evolution, and corrosion passivation on anode side. A functionally and structurally well-designed anode current collectors (CCs) is believed as a viable solution for those problems, with a lack of summarization according to its working mechanisms. Herein, this review focuses on the challenges of zinc anode and the mechanisms of modified anode CCs, which can be divided into zincophilic modification, structural design, and steering the preferred crystal facet orientation. The possible prospects and directions on zinc anode research and design are proposed at the end to hopefully promote the practical application of ZIBs.


Highlights:
1 The mechanisms of the surface modification and structure design of zinc anode current collectors were summarized.
2 The recent advances of high-performance zinc anode current collectors were reviewed and categorized according to their working mechanisms.
3 The possible prospects and directions of zinc anode research were discussed.

Keywords

Zinc anodes Current collectors Surface modification Structural design Crystal facet orientation
Gong, Yuxin, Bo Wang, Huaizheng Ren, Deyu Li, Dianlong Wang, Huakun Liu, and Shixue Dou. 2023. “Recent Advances in Structural Optimization and Surface Modification on Current Collectors for High-Performance Zinc Anode: Principles, Strategies, and Challenges”. Nano-Micro Letters 15 (August):208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-023-01177-4.
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX
References
  1. D.H.S. Tan, A. Banerjee, Z. Chen, Y.S. Meng, From nanoscale interface characterization to sustainable energy storage using all-solid-state batteries. Nat. Nanotechnol. 15(3), 170–180 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-020-0657-x
  2. B. Dunn, H. Kamath, J.-M. Tarascon, Electrical energy storage for the grid: a battery of choices. Science 334(6058), 928–935 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1212741
  3. J. Ren, Z. Wang, P. Xu, C. Wang, F. Gao et al., Porous Co2VO4 nanodisk as a high-energy and fast-charging anode for lithium-ion batteries. Nano-Micro Lett. 14, 5 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-021-00758-5
  4. W.B. Hawley, J. Li, Electrode manufacturing for lithium-ion batteries—analysis of current and next generation processing. J. Energy Storage 25, 100862 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.est.2019.100862
  5. D. Zhao, S. Ge-Zhang, Z. Zhang, H. Tang, Y. Xu et al., Three-dimensional honeycomb-like carbon as sulfur host for sodium–sulfur batteries without the shuttle effect. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14(49), 54662–54669 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c13862
  6. Y. Liang, Y. Yao, Designing modern aqueous batteries. Nat. Rev. Mater. 8(2), 109–122 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41578-022-00511-3
  7. D. Zhao, S. Jiang, S. Yu, J. Ren, Z. Zhang et al., Lychee seed-derived microporous carbon for high-performance sodium-sulfur batteries. Carbon 201, 864–870 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2022.09.075
  8. R. Zhao, M. Wang, D. Zhao, H. Li, C. Wang, L. Yin, Molecular-level heterostructures assembled from titanium carbide mxene and Ni–Co–Al layered double-hydroxide nanosheets for all-solid-state flexible asymmetric high-energy supercapacitors. ACS Energy Lett. 3(1), 132–140 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.7b01063
  9. F. Wang, O. Borodin, T. Gao, X. Fan, W. Sun, F. Han et al., Highly reversible zinc metal anode for aqueous batteries. Nat. Mater. 17(6), 543–549 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-018-0063-z
  10. T. Wang, J. Sun, Y. Hua, B.N.V. Krishna, Q. Xi et al., Planar and dendrite-free zinc deposition enabled by exposed crystal plane optimization of zinc anode. Energy Storage Mater. 53, 273–304 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2022.08.046
  11. M. Yan, H. Ni, H. Pan, Rechargeable mild aqueous zinc batteries for grid storage. Adv. Energ. Sust. Res. 1(1), 2000026 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/aesr.202000026
  12. J. Liu, C. Zhao, J. Wang, D. Ren, B. Li et al., A brief history of zinc–air batteries: 140 years of epic adventures. Energ. Environ. Sci. 15(11), 4542–4553 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ee02440c
  13. T. Shoji, M. Hishinuma, T. Yamamoto, Zinc-manganese dioxide galvanic cell using zinc sulphate as electrolyte. Rechargeability of the cell. J. Appl. Electrochem. 18(4), 521–526 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01022245
  14. Y. Yang, J. Xiao, J. Cai, G. Wang, W. Du et al., Mixed-valence copper selenide as an anode for ultralong lifespan rocking-chair Zn-ion batteries: an insight into its intercalation/extraction kinetics and charge storage mechanism. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31(3), 2005092 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202005092
  15. H. Luo, B. Wang, F. Wu, J. Jian, K. Yang et al., Synergistic nanostructure and heterointerface design propelled ultra-efficient in-situ self-transformation of zinc-ion battery cathodes with favorable kinetics. Nano Energy 81, 105601 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105601
  16. F. Gao, B. Mei, X. Xu, J. Ren, D. Zhao et al., Rational design of ZnMn2O4 nanops on carbon nanotubes for high-rate and durable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Chem. Eng. J. 448, 137742 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.137742
  17. H. Ren, S. Li, B. Wang, Y. Zhang, T. Wang et al., Molecular-crowding effect mimicking cold-resistant plants to stabilize the zinc anode with wider service temperature range. Adv. Mater. 35(1), e2208237 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202208237
  18. M. Li, X. Wang, J. Hu, J. Zhu, C. Niu et al., Comprehensive H2O molecules regulation via deep eutectic solvents for ultra-stable zinc metal anode. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 62(8), e202215552 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202215552
  19. Y. Zhao, Y. Lu, H. Li, Y. Zhu, Y. Meng et al., Few-layer bismuth selenide cathode for low-temperature quasi-solid-state aqueous zinc metal batteries. Nat. Commun. 13(1), 752 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-28380-y
  20. H. Luo, B. Wang, F. Wang, J. Yang, F. Wu et al., Anodic oxidation strategy toward structure-optimized V2O3 cathode via electrolyte regulation for Zn-ion storage. ACS Nano 14(6), 7328–7337 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c02658
  21. H. Luo, B. Wang, J. Jian, F. Wu, L. Peng et al., Stress-release design for high-capacity and long-time lifespan aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Mater. Today Energy 21, 10799 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100799
  22. Y. Zuo, K. Wang, P. Pei, M. Wei, X. Liu et al., Zinc dendrite growth and inhibition strategies. Mater. Today Energy 20, 100692 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100692
  23. X. Zhang, J. Hu, N. Fu, W. Zhou, B. Liu et al., Comprehensive review on zinc-ion battery anode: challenges and strategies. InfoMat 4(7), e12306 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/inf2.12306
  24. C. Li, X. Xie, H. Liu, P. Wang, C. Deng et al., Integrated “all-in-one” strategy to stabilize zinc anodes for high-performance zinc-ion batteries. Natl. Sci. Rev. 9(3), nwab177 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwab177
  25. D. Kundu, P. Oberholzer, C. Glaros, A. Bouzid, E. Tervoort et al., Organic cathode for aqueous Zn-ion batteries: taming a unique phase evolution toward stable electrochemical cycling. Chem. Mater. 30(11), 3874–3881 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01317
  26. T. Li, Y. Lim, X. Li, S. Luo, C. Lin et al., A universal additive strategy to reshape electrolyte solvation structure toward reversible Zn storage. Adv. Energy Mater. 12(15), 2103231 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202103231
  27. L. Faulkner, A. Bard, Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications, 2nd edn. (Wiley, 2002), pp.69–75
  28. Q. Yang, Q. Li, Z. Liu, D. Wang, Y. Guo et al., Dendrites in Zn-based batteries. Adv. Mater. 32(48), e2001854 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202001854
  29. C. Li, L. Wang, J. Zhang, D. Zhang, J. Du et al., Roadmap on the protective strategies of zinc anodes in aqueous electrolyte. Energy Storage Mater. 44, 104–135 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2021.10.020
  30. J. Shin, J. Lee, Y. Park, J. Choi, Aqueous zinc ion batteries: focus on zinc metal anodes. Chem. Sci. 11(8), 2028–2044 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/d0sc00022a
  31. M. Li, Z. Li, X. Wang, J. Meng, X. Liu et al., Comprehensive understanding of the roles of water molecules in aqueous Zn-ion batteries: from electrolytes to electrode materials. Energ. Environ. Sci. 14(7), 3796–3839 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ee00030f
  32. Z. Hou, Y. Gao, R. Zhou, B. Zhang, Unraveling the rate-dependent stability of metal anodes and its implication in designing cycling protocol. Adv. Funct. Mater. 32(7), 2107584 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202107584
  33. B. Cui, X. Han, W. Hu, Micronanostructured design of dendrite-free zinc anodes and their applications in aqueous zinc-based rechargeable batteries. Small Struct. 2(6), 2000128 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/sstr.202000128
  34. J. Henry, On the concentration at the electrodes in a solution, with special reference to the liberation of hydrogen by electrolysis of a mixture of copper sulphate and sulphuric acid. Proc. Phys. Soc. London 17(1), 496 (1899). https://doi.org/10.1088/1478-7814/17/1/332
  35. J.N. Chazalviel, Electrochemical aspects of the generation of ramified metallic electrodeposits. Phys. Rev. A 42(12), 7355–7367 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.42.7355
  36. V. Fleury, J. Chazalviel, M. Rosso, B. Sapoval, The role of the anions in the growth speed of fractal electrodeposits. J. Electroanalytical Chem. Interfacial Electrochem. 290(1), 249–255 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(90)87434-L
  37. M. Li, X. Wang, J. Hu, J. Zhu, C. Niu et al., Comprehensive H(2)O molecules regulation via deep eutectic solvents for ultra-stable zinc metal anode. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 62(8), e202215552 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202215552
  38. Q. Zhang, Y. Ma, Y. Lu, Y. Ni, L. Lin et al., Halogenated Zn(2+) solvation structure for reversible Zn metal batteries. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 144(40), 18435–18443 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.2c06927
  39. J. Zheng, Z. Huang, Y. Zeng, W. Liu, B. Wei et al., Electrostatic shielding regulation of magnetron sputtered Al-based alloy protective coatings enables highly reversible zinc anodes. Nano Lett. 22(3), 1017–1023 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c03917
  40. H. Tian, G. Feng, Q. Wang, Z. Li, W. Zhang et al., Three-dimensional Zn-based alloys for dendrite-free aqueous Zn battery in dual-cation electrolytes. Nat. Commun. 13(1), 7922 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-35618-2
  41. Y. Zou, X. Yang, L. Shen, Y. Su, Z. Chen et al., Emerging strategies for steering orientational deposition toward high-performance Zn metal anodes. Energ. Environ. Sci. 15(12), 5017–5038 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ee02416k
  42. Q. Liu, L. Zhang, H. Sun, L. Geng, Y. Li et al., In situ observation of sodium dendrite growth and concurrent mechanical property measurements using an environmental transmission electron microscopy–atomic force microscopy (ETEM-AFM) platform. ACS Energy Lett. 5(8), 2546–2559 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01214
  43. M. Xia, T. Jiao, G. Liu, Y. Chen, J. Gao et al., Rational design of electrolyte solvation structure for stable cycling and fast charging lithium metal batteries. J. Power Sources 548, 232106 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2022.232106
  44. C. Li, X. Xie, S. Liang, J. Zhou, Issues and future perspective on zinc metal anode for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Energ. Environ. Sci. 3(2), 146–159 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.12067
  45. W. Lu, C. Zhang, H. Zhang, X. Li, Anode for zinc-based batteries: challenges, strategies, and prospects. ACS Energy Lett. 6(8), 2765–2785 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00939
  46. W. Nie, H. Cheng, Q. Sun, S. Liang, X. Lu et al., Design strategies toward high-performance Zn metal anode. Small Methods (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202201572
  47. H. Yang, Z. Chang, Y. Qiao, H. Deng, X. Mu et al., Constructing a super-saturated electrolyte front surface for stable rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59(24), 9377–9381 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202001844
  48. P. He, J. Huang, Detrimental effects of surface imperfections and unpolished edges on the cycling stability of a zinc foil anode. ACS Energy Lett. 6(5), 1990–1995 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c00638
  49. J. Wang, Z. Cai, R. Xiao, Y. Ou, R. Zhan et al., A chemically polished zinc metal electrode with a ridge-like structure for cycle-stable aqueous batteries. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 12(20), 23028–23034 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c05661
  50. S. Higashi, S. Lee, J. Lee, K. Takechi, Y. Cui, Avoiding short circuits from zinc metal dendrites in anode by backside-plating configuration. Nat. Commun. 7, 11801 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11801
  51. S. Pu, B. Hu, Z. Li, Y. Yuan, C. Gong et al., Decoupling, quantifying, and restoring aging-induced Zn-anode losses in rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries. Joule 7(2), 366–379 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2023.01.010
  52. H. Ji, Q. Zhang, Y. Li, H. Li, H. Wang, Anode current collector for aqueous zinc-ion batteries: issues and design strategies. Acta Chim. Sinica 81(1), 29–41 (2023). https://doi.org/10.6023/a22100413
  53. C. Kao, C. Ye, J. Hao, J. Shan, H. Li et al., Suppressing hydrogen evolution via anticatalytic interfaces toward highly efficient aqueous Zn-ion batteries. ACS Nano 17(4), 3948–3957 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c12587
  54. C. Meng, W. He, L. Jiang, Y. Huang, J. Zhang et al., Ultra-stable aqueous zinc batteries enabled by β-cyclodextrin: preferred zinc deposition and suppressed parasitic reactions. Adv. Funct. Mater. 32(47), 2207732 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202207732
  55. J. Yang, J. Li, J. Zhao, K. Liu, P. Yang et al., Stable zinc anodes enabled by a zincophilic polyanionic hydrogel layer. Adv. Mater. 34(27), e2202382 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202202382
  56. L. Geng, X. Wang, K. Han, P. Hu, L. Zhou et al., Eutectic electrolytes in advanced metal-ion batteries. ACS Energy Lett. 7(1), 247–260 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.1c02088
  57. N. Guo, W. Huo, X. Dong, Z. Sun, Y. Lu et al., A review on 3d zinc anodes for zinc ion batteries. Small Methods 6(9), e2200597 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202200597
  58. Q. Li, Y. Wang, F. Mo, D. Wang, G. Liang et al., Calendar life of Zn batteries based on Zn anode with Zn powder/current collector structure. Adv. Energy Mater. 11(14), 2003931 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202003931
  59. J. Hao, X. Li, S. Zhang, F. Yang, X. Zeng et al., Designing dendrite-free zinc anodes for advanced aqueous zinc batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 30(30), 2001263 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202001263
  60. R. Trocoli, F. La Mantia, An aqueous zinc-ion battery based on copper hexacyanoferrate. Chemsuschem 8(3), 481–485 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.201403143
  61. Z. Cao, P. Zhuang, X. Zhang, M. Ye, J. Shen et al., Strategies for dendrite-free anode in aqueous rechargeable zinc ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 10(30), 2001599 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202001599
  62. J. Zhao, J. Zhang, W. Yang, B. Chen, Z. Zhao et al., “Water-in-deep eutectic solvent” electrolytes enable zinc metal anodes for rechargeable aqueous batteries. Nano Energy 57, 625–634 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.12.086
  63. Y. Zhu, J. Yin, X. Zheng, A. Emwas, Y. Lei et al., Concentrated dual-cation electrolyte strategy for aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Energ. Environ. Sci. 14(8), 4463–4473 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ee01472b
  64. W. Zhang, G. He, Solid-electrolyte interphase chemistries towards high-performance aqueous zinc metal batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 62(13), e202218466 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202218466
  65. H. Sun, Y. Huyan, N. Li, D. Lei, H. Liu et al., A seamless metal-organic framework interphase with boosted Zn(2+) flux and deposition kinetics for long-living rechargeable zn batteries. Nano Lett. 23(5), 1726–1734 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04410
  66. A. Bayaguud, X. Luo, Y. Fu, C. Zhu et al., Cationic surfactant-type electrolyte additive enables three-dimensional dendrite-free zinc anode for stable zinc-ion batteries. ACS Energy Lett. 5(9), 3012–3020 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01792
  67. X. Xie, S. Liang, J. Gao, S. Guo, J. Guo et al., Manipulating the ion-transfer kinetics and interface stability for high-performance zinc metal anodes. Energ. Environ. Sci. 13(2), 503–510 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ee03545a
  68. T. Zhang, Y. Tang, S. Guo, X. Cao, A. Pan et al., Fundamentals and perspectives in developing zinc-ion battery electrolytes: a comprehensive review. Energ. Environ. Sci. 13(12), 4625–4665 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ee02620d
  69. X. Wang, X. Li, H. Fan, L. Ma, Solid electrolyte interface in Zn-based battery systems. Nano-micro Lett. 14(1), 205 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00939-w
  70. R. Zhao, A. Elzatahry, D. Chao, D. Zhao, Making mxenes more energetic in aqueous battery. Matter 5(1), 8–10 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matt.2021.12.005
  71. Z. Xing, C. Huang, Z. Hu, Advances and strategies in electrolyte regulation for aqueous zinc-based batteries. Coord. Chem. Rev. 452, 214299 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214299
  72. H. Liu, Q. Zhou, Q. Xia, Y. Lei, X. Huang et al., Interface challenges and optimization strategies for aqueous zinc-ion batteries. J. Energy Chem. 77, 642–659 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2022.11.028
  73. J. Li, Q. Lin, Z. Zheng, L. Cao, W. Lv et al., How is cycle life of three-dimensional zinc metal anodes with carbon fiber backbones affected by depth of discharge and current density in zinc-ion batteries? ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14(10), 12323–12330 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c00344
  74. Q. Ni, B. Kim, C. Wu, K. Kang, Non-electrode components for rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries: electrolytes, solid-electrolyte-interphase, current collectors, binders, and separators. Adv. Mater. 34(20), e2108206 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202108206
  75. C. Lamiel, I. Hussain, X. Ma, K. Zhang et al., Properties, functions, and challenges: current collectors. Mater. Today Chem. 26, 101152 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtchem.2022.101152
  76. G. Zhang, X. Zhang, H. Liu, J. Li, Y. Chen et al., 3d-printed multi-channel metal lattices enabling localized electric-field redistribution for dendrite-free aqueous zn ion batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 11(19), 2003927 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202003927
  77. C. Xie, H. Ji, Q. Zhang, Z. Yang, C. Hu et al., High-index zinc facet exposure induced by preferentially orientated substrate for dendrite-free zinc anode. Adv. Energy Mater. 13(3), 2203203 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202203203
  78. Z. Yi, J. Liu, S. Tan, Z. Sang, J. Mao et al., An ultrahigh rate and stable zinc anode by facet-matching-induced dendrite regulation. Adv. Mater. 34(37), e2203835 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202203835
  79. Y. Zhu, Y. Cui, H.N. Alshareef, An anode-free Zn–MnO(2) battery. Nano Lett. 21(3), 1446–1453 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04519
  80. D.G. Mackanic, M. Kao, Z. Bao, Enabling deformable and stretchable batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 10(29), 2001424 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202001424
  81. Y. Qian, C. Meng, J. He, X. Dong, A lightweight 3d Zn@Cu nanosheets@activated carbon cloth as long-life anode with large capacity for flexible zinc ion batteries. J. Power Sources 480, 228871 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2020.228871
  82. D. Lin, Y. Liu, Z. Liang, H. Lee, J. Sun et al., Layered reduced graphene oxide with nanoscale interlayer gaps as a stable host for lithium metal anodes. Nat. Nanotechnol. 11(7), 626–632 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2016.32
  83. R. Zhao, X. Dong, P. Liang, H. Li, T. Zhang et al., Prioritizing hetero-metallic interfaces via thermodynamics inertia and kinetics zincophilia metrics for tough Zn-based aqueous batteries. Adv. Mater. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202209288
  84. H. Li, C. Guo, T. Zhang, P. Xue, R. Zhao et al., Hierarchical confinement effect with zincophilic and spatial traps stabilized Zn-based aqueous battery. Nano Lett. 22(10), 4223–4231 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01235
  85. Y. Zhang, J. Howe, S. Ben-Yoseph, Y. Wu, N. Liu, Unveiling the origin of alloy-seeded and nondendritic growth of Zn for rechargeable aqueous zn batteries. ACS Energy Lett. 6(2), 404–412 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c02343
  86. J. Zheng, Y. Deng, W. Li, J. Yin, P. West et al., Design principles for heterointerfacial alloying kinetics at metallic anodes in rechargeable batteries. Sci. Adv. 8(44), eabq6321 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq6321
  87. J. Yin, Y. Wang, Y. Zhu, J. Jin, C. Chen et al., Regulating the redox reversibility of zinc anode toward stable aqueous zinc batteries. Nano Energy 99, 107331 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107331
  88. Y. Zhang, G. Wang, F. Yu, G. Xu, Z. Li et al., Highly reversible and dendrite-free Zn electrodeposition enabled by a thin metallic interfacial layer in aqueous batteries. Chem. Eng. J. 416, 128062 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.128062
  89. Y. Zeng, P. Sun, Z. Pei, Q. Jin, X. Zhang et al., Nitrogen-doped carbon fibers embedded with zincophilic cu nanoboxes for stable Zn-metal anodes. Adv. Mater. 34(18), e2200342 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202200342
  90. L. Geng, J. Meng, X. Wang, C. Han, K. Han et al., Eutectic electrolyte with unique solvation structure for high-performance zinc-ion batteries. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 61(31), e202206717 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.202206717
  91. M. Tribbia, J. Glenneberg, G. Zampardi, F. La Mantia, Highly efficient, dendrite-free zinc electrodeposition in mild aqueous zinc-ion batteries through indium-based substrates. Batteries Supercaps 5(5), 2100381 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/batt.202100381
  92. R. Li, Y. Du, Y. Li, Z. He, L. Dai et al., Alloying strategy for high-performance zinc metal anodes. ACS Energ Lett. 8(1), 457–476 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.2c01960
  93. C. Xie, Z. Yang, Q. Zhang, H. Ji, Y. Li et al., Designing zinc deposition substrate with fully preferred orientation to elude the interfacial inhomogeneous dendrite growth. Research (2022). https://doi.org/10.34133/2022/9841343
  94. X. Li, G. Yang, S. Zhang, Z. Wang, L. Chen et al., Improved lithium deposition on silver plated carbon fiber paper. Nano Energy 66, 104144 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2019.104144
  95. Q. Ren, X. Tang, X. Zhao, Y. Wang, C. Li et al., A zincophilic interface coating for the suppression of dendrite growth in zinc anodes. Nano Energy 109, 108306 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108306
  96. H. Wang, Y. Wu, S. Liu, Y. Jiang, D. Shen et al., 3d Ag@C cloth for stable anode free sodium metal batteries. Small Methods 5(4), 2001050 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.202001050
  97. L. Zolin, J.R. Nair, D. Beneventi, F. Bella, M. Destro et al., A simple route toward next-gen green energy storage concept by nanofibres-based self-supporting electrodes and a solid polymeric design. Carbon 107, 811–822 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2016.06.076
  98. S. Yang, Y. Li, H. Du, Y. Liu, Y. Xiang et al., Copper nanop-modified carbon nanofiber for seeded zinc deposition enables stable Zn metal anode. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 10(38), 12630–12641 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c03328
  99. J. Kim, O. Chae, G. Kim, W. Jung, S. Choi et al., Spatial control of lithium deposition by controlling the lithiophilicity with copper(I) oxide boundaries. Energy Environ. Matter. 2, 12392 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/eem2.12392
  100. F. Pei, A. Fu, W. Ye, J. Peng, X. Fang et al., Robust lithium metal anodes realized by lithiophilic 3d porous current collectors for constructing high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries. ACS Nano 13(7), 8337–8346 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.9b03784
  101. W. Zhou, T. Wu, M. Chen, Q. Tian, X. Han et al., Wood-based electrodes enabling stable, anti-freezing, and flexible aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Energy Storage Mater. 51, 286–293 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2022.06.056
  102. P. Xue, C. Guo, N. Wang, K. Zhu, S. Jing et al., Synergistic manipulation of Zn2+ ion flux and nucleation induction effect enabled by 3d hollow SiO2/TiO2/carbon fiber for long-lifespan and dendrite-free Zn–metal composite anodes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31(50), 2106417 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202106417
  103. M. Zhou, G. Sun, S. Zang, Uniform zinc deposition on O,N-dual functionalized carbon cloth current collector. J. Energy Chem. 69, 76–83 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2021.12.040
  104. R. Zhao, H. Di, X. Hui, D. Zhao, R. Wang et al., Self-assembled Ti3C2 MXene and n-rich porous carbon hybrids as superior anodes for high-performance potassium-ion batteries. Energy Environ. Sci. 13(1), 246–257 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ee03250a
  105. P. Liu, Z. Zhang, R. Hao, Y. Huang, W. Liu et al., Ultra-highly stable zinc metal anode via 3d-printed g-C3N4 modulating interface for long life energy storage systems. Chem. Eng. J. 403, 126425 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.126425
  106. Y. An, Y. Tian, Y. Li, C. Wei, Y. Tao et al., Heteroatom-doped 3d porous carbon architectures for highly stable aqueous zinc metal batteries and non-aqueous lithium metal batteries. Chem. Eng. J. 400, 125843 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2020.125843
  107. Y. An, Y. Tian, K. Zhang, Y. Liu, C. Liu et al., Stable aqueous anode-free zinc batteries enabled by interfacial engineering. Adv. Funct. Mater. 31(26), 2101886 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202101886
  108. W. Yao, P. Zou, M. Wang, H. Zhan, F. Kang et al., Design principle, optimization strategies, and future perspectives of anode-free configurations for high-energy rechargeable metal batteries. Electrochem. Energy R 4(3), 601–631 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41918-021-00106-6
  109. P. Liu, X. Fan, B. Ouyang, Y. Huang, R. Hao et al., A zn ion hybrid capacitor with enhanced energy density for anode-free. J. Power Sources 518, 230740 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230740
  110. X. Zheng, Z. Liu, J. Sun, R. Luo, K. Xu et al., Constructing robust heterostructured interface for anode-free zinc batteries with ultrahigh capacities. Nat. Commun. 14(1), 76 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-35630-6
  111. L. Zhou, Y. Yang, J. Yang, P. Ye, T. Ali et al., Achieving fast Zn-ion storage kinetics by confining nitrogen-enriched carbon nanofragments in a honeycomb-like matrix. Appl. Surf. Sci. (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.154526
  112. T. Wu, Y. Zhang, Z. Althouse, N. Liu et al., Nanoscale design of zinc anodes for high-energy aqueous rechargeable batteries. Mater. Today Nano 6, 100032 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtnano.2019.100032
  113. G. Zhou, E. Paek, G. Hwang, A. Manthiram, Long-life li/polysulphide batteries with high sulphur loading enabled by lightweight three-dimensional nitrogen/sulphur-codoped graphene sponge. Nat. Commun. 6, 7760 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8760
  114. G. Zhou, A. Yang, G. Gao, X. Yu, J. Xu et al., Supercooled liquid sulfur maintained in three-dimensional current collector for high-performance li-s batteries. Sci. Adv. 6(21), eaay5098 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aay5098
  115. J. Wang, Y. Yang, Y. Zhang, Y. Li, R. Sun et al., Strategies towards the challenges of zinc metal anode in rechargeable aqueous zinc ion batteries. Energy Storage Mater. 35, 19–46 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2020.10.027
  116. S. Chang, J. Fang, K. Liu, Z. Shen, L. Zhu et al., Molecular-layer-deposited zincone films induce the formation of lif-rich interphase for lithium metal anodes. Adv. Energy Mater. 13(12), 2204002 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202204002
  117. Y. Yu, W. Xu, X. Liu, X. Lu et al., Challenges and strategies for constructing highly reversible zinc anodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries: recent progress and future perspectives. Adv. Sustain. Syst. 4(9), 2000082 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202000082
  118. V. Caldeira, J. Thiel, F. Lacoste, L. Dubau, M. Chatenet, Improving zinc porous electrode for secondary alkaline batteries: toward a simple design of optimized 3d conductive network current collector. J. Power Sources 450, 227668 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.227668
  119. Y. Zhou, X. Wang, X. Shen, Y. Shi, C. Zhu et al., 3d confined zinc plating/stripping with high discharge depth and excellent high-rate reversibility. J. Mater. Chem. A 8(23), 11719–11727 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ta02791j
  120. L. Li, W. Liu, H. Dong, Q. Gui, Z. Hu et al., Surface and interface engineering of nanoarrays toward advanced electrodes and electrochemical energy storage devices. Adv. Mater. 33(13), e2004959 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202004959
  121. X. Shi, G. Xu, S. Liang, C. Li, S. Guo et al., Homogeneous deposition of zinc on three-dimensional porous copper foam as a superior zinc metal anode. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 7(21), 17737–17746 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b04085
  122. Q. Jian, Z. Guo, L. Zhang, M. Wu, T. Zhao et al., A hierarchical porous tin host for dendrite-free, highly reversible zinc anodes. Chem. Eng. J. 425, 130643 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.130643
  123. R. Xue, J. Kong, Y. Wu, Y. Wang, X. Kong et al., Highly reversible zinc metal anodes enabled by a three-dimensional silver host for aqueous batteries. J. Mater. Chem. A 10(18), 10043–10050 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1039/d2ta00326k
  124. Y. Zeng, X. Zhang, R. Qin, X. Liu, P. Fang et al., Dendrite-free zinc deposition induced by multifunctional CNT frameworks for stable flexible Zn-ion batteries. Adv. Mater. 31(36), e1903675 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201903675
  125. J. Fu, Z. Cano, M. Park, A. Yu, M. Fowler et al., Electrically rechargeable zinc–air batteries: progress, challenges, and perspectives. Adv. Mater. 29(7), 1604685 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201604685
  126. G. Feng, J. Guo, H. Tian, Z. Li, Y. Shi et al., Probe the localized electrochemical environment effects and electrode reaction dynamics for metal batteries using in situ 3d microscopy. Adv. Energy Mater. 12(3), 2103484 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202103484
  127. L. Lu, J. Ge, J. Yang, S. Chen, H. Yao et al., Free-standing copper nanowire network current collector for improving lithium anode performance. Nano Lett. 16(7), 4431–4437 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01581
  128. T. Li, S. Gu, L. Chen, L. Zhang, X. Qin et al., Bidirectional lithiophilic gradients modification of ultralight 3d carbon nanofiber host for stable lithium metal anode. Small 18(33), 2203273 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202203273
  129. Z. Kang, C. Wu, L. Dong, W. Liu, J. Mou et al., 3d porous copper skeleton supported zinc anode toward high capacity and long cycle life zinc ion batteries. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 7(3), 3364–3371 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b05568
  130. B. Liu, S. Wang, Z. Wang, H. Lei, Z. Chen et al., Novel 3d nanoporous Zn–Cu alloy as long-life anode toward high-voltage double electrolyte aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Small 16(22), e2001323 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202001323
  131. H. Meng, Q. Ran, T. Dai, H. Shi, S. Zeng et al., Surface-alloyed nanoporous zinc as reversible and stable anodes for high-performance aqueous zinc-ion battery. Nano-Micro Lett. 14(1), 128 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00867-9
  132. S. Wang, Q. Ran, R. Yao, H. Shi, Z. Wen et al., Lamella-nanostructured eutectic zinc-aluminum alloys as reversible and dendrite-free anodes for aqueous rechargeable batteries. Nat. Commun. 11(1), 1634 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-15478-4
  133. M. Idrees, S. Batool, M. Din, M. Javed, S. Ahmed et al., Material-structure-property integrated additive manufacturing of batteries. Nano Energy 109, 108247 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2023.108247
  134. M. Browne, E. Redondo, M. Pumera et al., 3d printing for electrochemical energy applications. Chem. Rev. 120(5), 2783–2810 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00783
  135. Y. Jiang, Q. Lv, C. Bao, B. Wang, P. Ren et al., Seamless alloying stabilizes solid-electrolyte interphase for highly reversible lithium metal anode. Cell Rep. Phys. Sci. 3(3), 100785 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xcrp.2022.100785
  136. L. Zeng, H. He, H. Chen, D. Luo, J. He et al., 3d printing architecting reservoir-integrated anode for dendrite-free, safe, and durable Zn batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 12(12), 2103708 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202103708
  137. S. Zhang, W. Deng, X. Zhou, B. He, J. Liang et al., Controlled lithium plating in three-dimensional hosts through nucleation overpotential regulation toward high-areal-capacity lithium metal anode. Mater. Today Energy 21, 100770 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtener.2021.100770
  138. H. Zhang, X. Liao, Y. Guan, Y. Xiang, M. Li et al., Lithiophilic-lithiophobic gradient interfacial layer for a highly stable lithium metal anode. Nat. Commun. 9(1), 3729 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-018-06126-z
  139. H. Park, J. Um, H. Choi, W. Yoon, Y. Sung et al., Hierarchical micro-lamella-structured 3d porous copper current collector coated with tin for advanced lithium-ion batteries. Appl. Surf. Sci. 399, 132–138 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2016.12.043
  140. J. Pu, J. Li, K. Zhang, T. Zhang, C. Li et al., Conductivity and lithiophilicity gradients guide lithium deposition to mitigate short circuits. Nat. Commun. 10(1), 1896 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-09932-1
  141. S. Zhou, C. Fu, Z. Chang, Y. Zhang, D. Xu et al., Conductivity gradient modulator induced highly reversible li anodes in carbonate electrolytes for high-voltage lithium-metal batteries. Energy Storage Mater. 47, 482–490 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2022.02.033
  142. G. Liang, J. Zhu, B. Yan, Q. Li, A. Chen, Z. Chen et al., Gradient fluorinated alloy to enable highly reversible Zn-metal anode chemistry. Energ. Environ. Sci. 15(3), 1086–1096 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1039/d1ee03749h
  143. Z. Shen, L. Luo, C. Li, J. Pu, J. Xie et al., Stratified zinc-binding strategy toward prolonged cycling and flexibility of aqueous fibrous zinc metal batteries. Adv. Energy Mater. 11(16), 2100214 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202100214
  144. Y. Gao, Q. Cao, J. Pu, X. Zhao, G. Fu et al., Stable Zn anodes with triple gradients. Adv. Mater. 35(6), e2207573 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202207573
  145. P. Tan, B. Chen, H. Xu, H. Zhang, W. Cai et al., Flexible Zn– and Li–air batteries: recent advances, challenges, and future perspectives. Energy Environ. Sci. 10(10), 2056–2080 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1039/c7ee01913k
  146. L. Wang, W. Huang, W. Guo, Z. Guo, C. Chang et al., Sn alloying to inhibit hydrogen evolution of Zn metal anode in rechargeable aqueous batteries. Adv. Funct. Mater. 32(1), 2108533 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.202108533
  147. H. Li, Z. Liu, G. Liang, Y. Huang, Y. Huang et al., Waterproof and tailorable elastic rechargeable yarn zinc ion batteries by a cross-linked polyacrylamide electrolyte. ACS Nano 12(4), 3140–3148 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b09003
  148. Z. Wei, H. Zhang, A. Li, F. Cheng, Y. Wang et al., Construction of in-plane 3d network electrode strategy for promoting zinc ion storage capacity. Energy Storage Mater. 55, 754–762 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2022.12.036
  149. Y. Liu, M. Pharr, G. Salvatore et al., Lab-on-skin: a review of flexible and stretchable electronics for wearable health monitoring. ACS Nano 11(10), 9614–9635 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b04898
  150. H. Dong, J. Li, J. Guo, F. Lai, F. Zhao et al., Insights on flexible zinc-ion batteries from lab research to commercialization. Adv. Mater. 33(20), 2007548 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202007548
  151. S. Pu, C. Gong, Y. Tang, Z. Ning, J. Liu et al., Achieving ultrahigh-rate planar and dendrite-free zinc electroplating for aqueous zinc battery anodes. Adv. Mater. 34(28), e2202552 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202202552
  152. Y. Song, J. Hu, J. Tang, W. Gu, L. He et al., Real-time X-ray imaging reveals interfacial growth, suppression, and dissolution of zinc dendrites dependent on anions of ionic liquid additives for rechargeable battery applications. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8(46), 32031–32040 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b11098
  153. Q. Zhang, J. Luan, X. Huang, Q. Wang, D. Sun et al., Revealing the role of crystal orientation of protective layers for stable zinc anode. Nat. Commun. 11(1), 3961 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17752-x
  154. S. Li, J. Fu, G. Miao, S. Wang, W. Zhao et al., Toward planar and dendrite-free Zn electrodepositions by regulating Sn-crystal textured surface. Adv. Mater. 33(21), e2008424 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202008424
  155. H. Lu, Q. Jin, X. Jiang, Z. Dang, D. Zhang et al., Vertical crystal plane matching between AgZn(3) (002) and Zn (002) achieving a dendrite-free zinc anode. Small 18(16), e2200131 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.202200131
  156. M. Zhou, S. Guo, J. Li, X. Luo, Z. Liu et al., Surface-preferred crystal plane for a stable and reversible zinc anode. Adv. Mater. 33(21), e2100187 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202100187
  157. X. Chen, W. Li, S. Hu, N. Akhmedov, D. Reed et al., Polyvinyl alcohol coating induced preferred crystallographic orientation in aqueous zinc battery anodes. Nano Energy 98, 107269 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2022.107269
  158. M. Qiu, P. Sun, A. Qin, G. Cui, W. Mai, Metal-coordination chemistry guiding preferred crystallographic orientation for reversible zinc anode. Energy Storage Mater. 49, 463–470 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2022.04.018
  159. A. Romanov, T. Wagner, M. Rühle, Coherent to incoherent transition in mismatched interfaces. Scripta Mater. 38(6), 869–875 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(97)00570-8
  160. E. Romanov, T. Wagner, On the universal misfit parameter at mismatched interfaces. Scripta Mater. 45(3), 325–331 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01035-1
  161. Y. Liu, J. Hu, Q. Lu, M. Hantusch, H. Zhang et al., Highly enhanced reversibility of a Zn anode by in-situ texturing. Energy Storage Mater. 47, 98–104 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2022.01.059
  162. J. Zheng, Q. Zhao, T. Tang, J. Yin, C. Quilty et al., Reversible epitaxial electrodeposition of metals in battery anodes. Science 366(6465), 645–648 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aax6873
  163. T. Foroozan, V. Yurkiv, S. Sharifi-Asl, R. Rojaee, F. Mashayek et al., Non-dendritic zn electrodeposition enabled by zincophilic graphene substrates. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11(47), 44077–44089 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b13174
  164. Y. Yan, C. Shu, T. Zeng, X. Wen, S. Liu et al., Surface-preferred crystal plane growth enabled by underpotential deposited monolayer toward dendrite-free zinc anode. ACS Nano 16(6), 9150–9162 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.2c01380
  165. Z. Xu, S. Jin, N. Zhang, W. Deng, M. Seo et al., Efficient Zn metal anode enabled by O,N-codoped carbon microflowers. Nano Lett. 22(3), 1350–1357 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c04709
  166. M. Wang, W. Wang, Y. Meng, Y. Xu, J. Sun et al., Crystal facet correlated Zn growth on Cu for aqueous Zn metal batteries. Energy Storage Mater. 56, 424–431 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensm.2023.01.026
  167. Q. Lv, Y. Song, B. Wang, S. Wang, B. Wu et al., Bifunctional flame retardant solid-state electrolyte toward safe Li metal batteries. J. Energy Chem. 81, 613–622 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jechem.2023.02.040
  168. J. Wang, C. Eng, Y. Chen-Wiegart, J. Wang, Probing three-dimensional sodiation-desodiation equilibrium in sodium-ion batteries by in situ hard X-ray nanotomography. Nat. Commun. 6, 7496 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8496
  169. Z. Hong, Z. Ahmad, V. Viswanathan, Design principles for dendrite suppression with porous polymer/aqueous solution hybrid electrolyte for Zn metal anodes. ACS Energy Lett. 5(8), 2466–2474 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.0c01235
Read More
Author biographies are not available.
Download this PDF file
PDF SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL
Statistic
Read Counter : 4281 Download : 3215

Most read articles by the same author(s)