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Vol. 17 (2025)

Ideal Bi-Based Hybrid Anode Material for Ultrafast Charging of Sodium-Ion Batteries at Extremely Low Temperatures

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01560-9
Jie Bai
Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
Jian Hui Jia
Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
Yu Wang
Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
Chun Cheng Yang
Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
Qing Jiang
Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Qing Jiang

jiangq@jlu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 60

Abstract

Sodium-ion batteries have emerged as competitive substitutes for low-temperature applications due to severe capacity loss and safety concerns of lithium-ion batteries at − 20 °C or lower. However, the key capability of ultrafast charging at ultralow temperature for SIBs is rarely reported. Herein, a hybrid of Bi nanoparticles embedded in carbon nanorods is demonstrated as an ideal material to address this issue, which is synthesized via a high temperature shock method. Such a hybrid shows an unprecedented rate performance (237.9 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1) at − 60 °C, outperforming all reported SIB anode materials. Coupled with a Na3V2(PO4)3 cathode, the energy density of the full cell can reach to 181.9 Wh kg−1 at − 40 °C. Based on this work, a novel strategy of high-rate activation is proposed to enhance performances of Bi-based materials in cryogenic conditions by creating new active sites for interfacial reaction under large current.


Highlights:
1 Metallic nanoparticles with excellent size controllability and high loading rate are obtained via ultrafast high temperature shock method.
2 The Bi/CNRs-15 electrode exhibits an unprecedented rate performance (237.9 mAh g−1 at 2 A g−1) at − 60 °C, while the energy density of the full cell can reach to 181.9 Wh kg−1 at − 40 °C.
3 A novel strategy of high-rate activation is proposed to obtain high capacity and superior stability at low temperature by creating new active sites for interfacial reaction.

Keywords

Bi nanoparticles High temperature shock High-rate activation Ultrafast charging Low-temperature sodium-ion batteries
Bai, Jie, Jian Hui Jia, Yu Wang, Chun Cheng Yang, and Qing Jiang. 2024. “Ideal Bi-Based Hybrid Anode Material for Ultrafast Charging of Sodium-Ion Batteries at Extremely Low Temperatures”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (November):60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01560-9.
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