Issue

Vol. 17 (2025)

Multifunctional Carbon Foam with Nanoscale Chiral Magnetic Heterostructures for Broadband Microwave Absorption in Low Frequency

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01658-8
Hao Zhang
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
Kaili Kuang
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
Yifeng Zhang
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
Chen Sun
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
Tingkang Yuan
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
Ruilin Yin
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
Zeng Fan
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China
Renchao Che
Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, People’s Republic of China
Lujun Pan
School of Physics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Lujun Pan

lpan@dlut.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 17 (2025), Article Number: 133

Abstract

The construction of carbon nanocoil (CNC)-based chiral-dielectric-magnetic trinity composites is considered as a promising approach to achieve excellent low-frequency microwave absorption. However, it is still challenging to further enhance the low frequency microwave absorption and elucidate the related loss mechanisms. Herein, the chiral CNCs are first synthesized on a three-dimensional (3D) carbon foam and then combined with the FeNi/NiFe2O4 nanoparticles to form a novel chiral-dielectric-magnetic trinity foam. The 3D porous CNC-carbon foam network provides excellent impedance matching and strong conduction loss. The formation of the FeNi-carbon interfaces induces interfacial polarization loss, which is confirmed by the density functional theory calculations. Further permeability analysis and the micromagnetic simulation indicate that the nanoscale chiral magnetic heterostructures achieve magnetic pinning and coupling effects, which enhance the magnetic anisotropy and magnetic loss capability. Owing to the synergistic effect between dielectricity, chirality, and magnetism, the trinity composite foam exhibits excellent microwave absorption performance with an ultrabroad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 14 GHz and a minimum reflection of loss less than − 50 dB. More importantly, the C-band EAB of the foam is extended to 4 GHz, achieving the full C-band coverage. This study provides further guidelines for the microstructure design of the chiral-dielectric-magnetic trinity composites to achieve broadband microwave absorption.


Highlights:
1 A novel multifunctional carbon foam with nanoscale chiral magnetic heterostructures is constructed, in which the interconnection network provides strong conduction loss.
2 The interfacial polarization loss induced by the FeNi-carbon interfaces is confirmed by the density functional theory calculations, and the magnetic pinning and coupling effects are revealed by the micromagnetic simulation.
3 The composite foam exhibits an ultrabroad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 14 GHz and a C-band EAB of 4 GHz, achieving the full C-band coverage.

Keywords

Carbon nanocoils Chiral magnetic structures 3D conductive networks Magnetic pinning effect Broadband microwave absorption
Zhang, Hao, Kaili Kuang, Yifeng Zhang, Chen Sun, Tingkang Yuan, Ruilin Yin, Zeng Fan, Renchao Che, and Lujun Pan. 2025. “Multifunctional Carbon Foam With Nanoscale Chiral Magnetic Heterostructures for Broadband Microwave Absorption in Low Frequency”. Nano-Micro Letters 17 (February):133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-01658-8.
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