Issue

Vol. 18 (2026)

Key Advancements and Emerging Trends of Perovskite Solar Cells in 2024–2025

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-02022-6
Xiangqian Shen
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, People’s Republic of China
Xuesong Lin
Present Address: State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Hongzhen Su
Present Address: State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Ziyang Zhang
Present Address: State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Tianhao Wu
Materials Genome Institute (MGI), Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, People’s Republic of China
Jing Zhang
School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, People’s Republic of China
Yong Peng
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, People’s Republic of China
Yiqiang Zhang
College of Chemistry, Henan Institute of Advanced Technology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
Shufang Zhang
School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, People’s Republic of China
Zhongmin Zhou
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, People’s Republic of China
Xiangyue Meng
School of Optoelectronics, Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People’s Republic of China
Peng Gao
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, People’s Republic of China
Wei Chen
Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, People’s Republic of China
Yongzhen Wu
Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, People’s Republic of China
Chuanjiang Qin
Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People’s Republic of China
Qifeng Han
Present Address: State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Yanbo Wang
Present Address: State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China
Liyuan Han
Present Address: State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Liyuan Han

han.liyuan@sjtu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 18 (2026), Article Number: 209

Abstract

The past two years have witnessed remarkable progress in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), marked by breakthroughs in power conversion efficiency and strides in addressing long-term operational stability. At present, the certified power conversion efficiencies of single-junction PSCs and silicon/perovskite tandem cells have surpassed 27% and 34%, respectively. Regarding stability, researchers begun to focus their attention on the challenges faced by PSCs when operated in outdoor environments. Furthermore, breakthroughs in the utilization of green solvents, fabrication in ambient air conditions, aqueous-phase synthesis of perovskite raw materials at kilogram scale, vacuum flash evaporation, and machine learning-assisted design are accelerating the commercialization of PSCs. The review summarizes the key advancements of PSCs during 2024–2025. It identifies a critical performance discrepancy between small-area devices and perovskite solar modules and delves into strategies aimed at bridging this gap. Finally, perspectives on the future directions of PSCs are presented, with a particular emphasis on improving photocurrent and environmental sustainability.


Highlights:
1 The key advancements in perovskite solar cells during the years 2024–2025 are summarized, along with an in-depth exploration of the underlying enhancement mechanisms.
2 The performance gap between small-area devices and perovskite solar modules is highlighted.
3 The future directions aimed at accelerating the commercialization and enhancing the sustainability of perovskite solar cells are provided.

Keywords

Perovskite solar cells Tandem architectures Interface engineering Operational stability Scalable fabrication
Shen, Xiangqian, Xuesong Lin, Hongzhen Su, Ziyang Zhang, Tianhao Wu, Jing Zhang, Yong Peng, Yiqiang Zhang, Shufang Zhang, Zhongmin Zhou, Xiangyue Meng, Peng Gao, Wei Chen, Yongzhen Wu, Chuanjiang Qin, Qifeng Han, Yanbo Wang, and Liyuan Han. 2026. “Key Advancements and Emerging Trends of Perovskite Solar Cells in 2024–2025”. Nano-Micro Letters 18 (January):209. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-025-02022-6.
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