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Vol. 14 (2022)

Natural Stibnite for Lithium-/Sodium-Ion Batteries: Carbon Dots Evoked High Initial Coulombic Efficiency

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00873-x
Yinger Xiang
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Laiqiang Xu
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Li Yang
College of Science, Hunan University of Technology and Business, Changsha 410205, People’s Republic of China
Yu Ye
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Zhaofei Ge
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Jiae Wu
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Wentao Deng
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Guoqiang Zou
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Hongshuai Hou
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China
Xiaobo Ji
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Hongshuai Hou

hs-hou@csu.edu.cn

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 14 (2022), Article Number: 136

Abstract

The application of Sb2S3 with marvelous theoretical capacity for alkali metal-ion batteries is seriously limited by its poor electrical conductivity and low initial coulombic efficiency (ICE). In this work, natural stibnite modified by carbon dots (Sb2S3@xCDs) is elaborately designed with high ICE. Greatly, chemical processes of local oxidation–partial reduction–deep coupling for stibnite reduction of CDs are clearly demonstrated, confirmed with in situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction. More impressively, the ICE for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is enhanced to 85%, through the effect of oxygen-rich carbon matrix on C–S bonds which inhibit the conversion of sulfur to sulfite, well supported by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of solid electrolyte interphase layers helped with density functional theory calculations. Not than less, it is found that Sb–O–C bonds existed in the interface effectively promote the electronic conductivity and expedite ion transmission by reducing the bandgap and restraining the slip of the dislocation. As a result, the optimal sample delivers a tremendous reversible capacity of 660 mAh g−1 in LIBs at a high current rate of 5 A g−1. This work provides a new methodology for enhancing the electrochemical energy storage performance of metal sulfides, especially for improving the ICE.


Highlights:


1 The chemical process of local oxidation–partial reduction–deep coupling for stibnite reduction of carbon dots (CDs) is revealed by in-situ high-temperature X-ray diffraction.
2 Sb2S3@xCDs anode delivers high initial coulombic efficiency in lithium ion batteries (85.2%) and sodium ion batteries (82.9%), respectively.
3 C–S bond influenced by oxygen-rich carbon matrix can restrain the conversion of sulfur to sulfite, well confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization of solid electrolyte interphase layers helped with density functional theory calculations.
4 CDs-induced Sb–O–C bond is proved to effectively regulate the interfacial electronic structure.

Keywords

Carbon dots Sb2S3 Initial Coulombic efficiency Interfacial bond Anode
Xiang, Yinger, Laiqiang Xu, Li Yang, Yu Ye, Zhaofei Ge, Jiae Wu, Wentao Deng, Guoqiang Zou, Hongshuai Hou, and Xiaobo Ji. 2022. “Natural Stibnite for Lithium-/Sodium-Ion Batteries: Carbon Dots Evoked High Initial Coulombic Efficiency”. Nano-Micro Letters 14 (June):136. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-022-00873-x.
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