Issue

Vol. 16 (2024)

Delivering Microrobots in the Musculoskeletal System

https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01464-8
Mumin Cao
Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Renwang Sheng
Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Yimin Sun
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro‑Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
Ying Cao
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro‑Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
Hao Wang
Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Ming Zhang
Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Yunmeng Pu
School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
Yucheng Gao
Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Yuanwei Zhang
Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Panpan Lu
Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
Gaojun Teng
Center of Interventional Radiology and Vascular Surgery, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
Qianqian Wang
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro‑Nano Biomedical Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, People’s Republic of China
Yunfeng Rui
Department of Orthopaedics, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China

Corresponding Author: Yunfeng Rui

ruiyunfeng@126.com

Nano-Micro Letters, Vol. 16 (2024), Article Number: 251

Abstract

Disorders of the musculoskeletal system are the major contributors to the global burden of disease and current treatments show limited efficacy. Patients often suffer chronic pain and might eventually have to undergo end-stage surgery. Therefore, future treatments should focus on early detection and intervention of regional lesions. Microrobots have been gradually used in organisms due to their advantages of intelligent, precise and minimally invasive targeted delivery. Through the combination of control and imaging systems, microrobots with good biosafety can be delivered to the desired area for treatment. In the musculoskeletal system, microrobots are mainly utilized to transport stem cells/drugs or to remove hazardous substances from the body. Compared to traditional biomaterial and tissue engineering strategies, active motion improves the efficiency and penetration of local targeting of cells/drugs. This review discusses the frontier applications of microrobotic systems in different tissues of the musculoskeletal system. We summarize the challenges and barriers that hinder clinical translation by evaluating the characteristics of different microrobots and finally point out the future direction of microrobots in the musculoskeletal system.


Highlights:
1 A systematic review of recent advances of microrobots applied in the musculoskeletal system with an emphasis on design strategies of microrobotic systems for tissue regeneration.
2 The fabrication, motion and control, and image-guided delivery of microrobots in the musculoskeletal system are reviewed based on the up-to-date works.
3 Prospects and challenges for future clinical translation of microrobots in the musculoskeletal system and regenerative medicine are discussed.

Keywords

Microrobot Musculoskeletal system Targeted delivery Microrobotic systems Magnetic actuation
Cao, Mumin, Renwang Sheng, Yimin Sun, Ying Cao, Hao Wang, Ming Zhang, Yunmeng Pu, Yucheng Gao, Yuanwei Zhang, Panpan Lu, Gaojun Teng, Qianqian Wang, and Yunfeng Rui. 2024. “Delivering Microrobots in the Musculoskeletal System”. Nano-Micro Letters 16 (July):251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-024-01464-8.
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